第一章 战略管理概述ch1-1 战略管理概述--战略的起源随堂测验1、从东、西方战略一词的起源来看,战略是源自 方面的概念。 a strong heritage underlies the study of strategic management.
a、军事 military
b、政治 political
c、经济 economical
d、社会生活 social
2、战略是面向未来的。 strategy is for the future.
3、企业战略建立在冲突的基础假设之上而军事领域的战略则是建立在竞争的基础假设之上。 business strategy is based on assumption of conflict whereas military strategy is based on an assumption of competition.
ch1-2 战略管理概述--企业战略的定义随堂测验1、亨利.明茨伯格对战略的定义: 战略是一种计划; ; ; ; 战略是一种观念 。 mintzberg argues a strategy can be: a plan; ; ; ; a perspective.
a、战略是一种计谋 a ploy
b、战略是一种模式 a pattern
c、战略是一种定位 a position
d、战略是一种技能 a kind of skill
2、亨利.明茨伯格对战略的定义是指存在五种不同类型的战略。 according to henry mintzberg, there are five strategies in isolations from the others.
3、亨利.明茨伯格认为战略可以分为深思熟虑的和涌现出来的两种类型。 henry mintzberg argues that there are two types of stategy: deliberate strategy and emergent strategy.
ch1-3 战略管理概述--企业战略的层次随堂测验1、在明确了业务领域之后,决定企业如何在该领域定位自己并与对手竞争的战略属于 战略。 the determination of how a company will compete in a given business and position itself among its competitors is strategy.
a、网络层 network level
b、公司层 corporate level
c、业务层(竞争性) business level ( competitive strategy)
d、职能层 functional level
2、公司层战略针对企业整体。它更具价值导向,更为抽象化并且更加具体。 corporate strategy applies to the whole enterprise. it is more value oriented, more conceptual and more concrete
3、操作层(职能层)战略涉及的是更加短期的目标以及日常管理活动。 operational (functional) strategy concerns shorter term objectives of the business and with its day to day management .
ch1-4 战略管理概述--战略管理理论(1)随堂测验1、战略管理理论与实践在1980年代的主要特点是: 。 the development of business strategy in 1980s : .
a、强调全球化发展的战略管理理论产生 global concepts of strategy
b、现代战略管理方法被采纳 morden business strategy techniques adopted
c、企业战略正式出现 the birth of formal business strategy
d、强调竞争的战略管理理论产生 major strategic emphasis on competitive aspects
2、二十世纪企业战略的产生与发展无疑是受到重要环境因素的影响。 the development of business strategy, in the twentieth century, showing important environmental influences.
3、按照理论出现的顺序,从1960年代到1990年代战略管理理论的发展主要包括的学派有:资源为基础的学派,计划学派,产业/组织学派,资源/能力为基础的学派。 the main schools of business strategy from 1960s to 1990s includes: resourse based approach; planning approach; i/o view; resource/competence based approach.
ch1-4 战略管理概述--战略管理理论(2)随堂测验1、那种约定的、刻意安排的或被称为计划的战略学派将战略管理视为一个______。 the prescriptive, deliberate or planned approach views strategic management as a ______.
a、高度系统化的过程 highly systematized process
b、预先确定的过程 deterministic process
c、高度系统化和预先确定的过程 highly systematized and deterministic process
d、持续的行为模式 consistent pattern of behaviour
2、古典战略管理理论的局限性主要有: limitation of the planning approach
a、战略是自上而下的;组织结构只能被动追随战略。 the management process must be opreated from top to the bottom of a firm; organizational stracture always takes a very passive role in the relationship between stracture and strategy.
b、在环境出现剧烈和快速动荡时,该战略会变得不现实。 being unrealistic, particularly in times of rapid and turbulent change.
c、企业内部资源与外部机会被动的匹配,忽视了竞争优势也可以源自抓住未被预见的机遇。 competitive advantage can be gained by being opportunistic and taking advantage of unforeseen opportunities.
d、视野过于狭窄,程式化战略过于僵化。 too narrow view of strategy,and the highly systematized and deterministic process become rigid.
3、迈克尔. 波特 的“战略三部曲”是: three important book of michael e porter :
a、竞争战略:行业和竞争对手分析法 competitive strategy:techniques for analyzing industries and competitors
b、竞争优势:创造并保持优秀绩效 competitive advantage:creating and sustaining superior performance
c、国家竞争优势 the competitive advantage of nations
d、公司战略 corporate strategy
4、产业/组织学派认为企业在获取竞争优势的过程中企业内部因素所起作用比外部环境因素更为重要。 the i/o approach to competitive advantage advocates that internal factors are more important than external factors in a firm achieving competitive advantage.
ch1-4 战略管理概述--战略管理理论(3)随堂测验1、1996年纳尔巴夫和布兰登伯格出版了: ,强调竞争与合作。 nalebuf & brandenbuger in 1996 published the book: , focus on competition and cooperation.
a、《动态能力》 dynamic capabilities
b、《合作竞争》 co-petition
c、企业战略:以资源为基础的学派 corporate strategy: a resource-based approach
d、战略:寻找和确保竞争优势 strategy: seeking and securing competitive advantage
2、有价值的资源或能力必须是: ; ; 。 valuable resources /competences must be ; ; .
a、稀缺的 rare
b、易于学习的 easy to learn
c、难于模仿的 hard to imitate
d、不易被替代的 not easily substitutable
3、资源/能力学派认为企业内部因素比外部因素对获取竞争优势更为重要。 resource/competence based view argues that internal resources/competences are more important for a firm than external factors in achieving and sustaining comprtitive advantage .
4、资源学派认为:只有企业拥有了与其业务和战略最相匹配的资源,该资源才最具价值。而资源价值的评价不能局限在企业本身,而要将企业的资源置于其所面对的产业环境。 resource school :the resources --combination of various key factors,should not be limited to the inside of a company but should put the company into its industrial environment. values of resources depend on the matching degree between strategy and resources.
ch1-5 战略管理概述--企业战略管理的特点及作用随堂测验1、战略管理过程的三个组成部分包括: what are the three stages of the strategic management process?
a、战略形成 strategic formulation
b、战略决策 strategic decision
c、战略实施 strategic formulation
d、战略评估与控制 strategic evaluation & control
2、战略管理的本质是获取并保持差异化优势。 the notion of strategic management is to achieve and maintain differentiation advantage.
3、战略管理通过整合各种不同企业经营管理活动使企业获得成功,因此是一个高度交互的过程。 strategic management achieves a firm’s success through integration differernt management activities, and is a highly interactive process
第一单元测验1、the prescriptive, deliberate or planned approach views strategic management as a ___________. 计划学派认为战略管理过程是一个:____________。
a、highly systematized process 高度系统化的过程
b、deterministic process 确定性过程
c、highly systematized and deterministic process 高度系统化和确定性的过程
d、consistent pattern of behaviour 持续的行为模式
2、what are the three stages of the strategic management process?____________. 战略管理过程的三个阶段分别是:____________。
a、conflict, resolution and implementation 战略冲突、解决和实施
b、formulation, implementation,evaluation & control 战略形成、实施和评估与控制
c、formulation, execution and reward 战略形成、评估和回报
d、formulation, implementation and resolution 战略形成、实施和问题的解决
3、military strategy is based on an assumption of __________, whereas business strategy is based on an assumption of __________. 军事战略的基础假设是: ____________;而企业战略的基础假设是:____________。
a、conflict; cooperation 冲突;合作
b、cooperation; conflict 合作;冲突
c、conflict; competition 冲突;竞争
d、competition; conflict 竞争;冲突
4、for an organization, the goal of strategic management is to . 企业进行战略管理目的是: 。
a、achieve competitive advantage 获取竞争优势
b、maintain competitive advantage 保持竞争优势
c、eliminate competitive advantage 限制竞争优势
d、achieve and maintain competitive advantage 获取并保持竞争优势
5、strategy formulation, implementation and evaluation activities occur at different hierarchical levels in a large diversified organization: 网络层; ; ;and . 对一家大型企业而言,战略的形成、实施和评估活动往往呈现出下列的层次:网络层; ; ;和
a、strategic level 战略层
b、corporate level 公司层
c、business level 业务层
d、functional level 职能层
6、three important strategic book of michael e porter : ; ;and . 迈克尔. 波特 的“战略三部曲”是: ; ;以及 。
a、competitive strategy:techniques for analyzing industries and competitors 竞争战略:行业和竞争对手分析法
b、competitive advantage:creating and sustaining superior performance 竞争优势:创造并保持优秀绩效
c、the competitive advantage of nations 国家竞争优势
d、corporate strategy 公司战略
7、valuable resources /competences must be: ; ;and . 有价值的资源或能力必须是: ; ;和 。
a、易于学习的easy to learn
b、稀缺的rare
c、难于模仿的hard to imitate
d、不易被替代的not easily substitutable
8、strategy evaluation and control process is necessary because internal and external factors are constantly changing. 战略评估与控制过程之所以必不可少,是因为企业内、外部环境在持续的变化。
9、resource/competence based approach argues that competitive advantage arises from an organization’s external environment rather than from internally developed core competence . 资源/能力学派辩称竞争优势来源于组织的外部环境而非组织内部培育的核心能力。
10、strategic management achieves a firm’s success through integration differernt management activities, and is a highly interactive process. 战略管理通过整合各种不同企业经营管理活动使企业获得成功,是一个高度交互的过程。
第二章 企业愿景与使命ch2-1 企业愿景与使命--愿景随堂测验1、a vision statement answers the question, "what is our business?" 愿景陈述回答了“我们是一家什么企业”的问题。
2、the vision statement should be short, preferably one sentence. 企业愿景是对未来的战略性描述,应简单清晰,概括性强。
ch2-2 企业愿景与使命--使命随堂测验1、the purpose of the mission statement is to communicate to _________. 使命陈述的作用是为了与 _________沟通。
a、employees 雇员
b、all shareholders 所有股东
c、all stakeholders 所有利益相关者
d、managers 管理者
2、characteristics of a mission statement:______;______;and ______. 企业使命特征包括:______;______;和______。
a、a declaration of attitude 存在的目的或意义的宣称
b、detail plans of allocating resources 详细的资源分配规划
c、a customer orientation 以顾客为导向所从事事业领域的说明
d、a declaration of social policy 经营活动中的基本行为准则和原则
3、a good mission statement should :_________;_______;_______;and distinguish a firm from all others. 好的使命陈述应该做到:_________;_________;_________;以及,使得本企业与其他企业相区别。
a、define what the organization is 定义企业
b、limit to exclude some ventures 限制盲目的冒险行为
c、be broad enough to allow for growth 足够宽泛,为企业未来发展留出空间
d、detail plans of allocating resources 详细的资源分配规划
第二单元测验1、the purpose of the mission statement is to communicate to _________. 企业使命陈述的目的是与 进行沟通。
a、all shareholders 所有股东
b、all stakeholders 所有利益相关者
c、employees 雇员
d、managers 管理人员
2、it is the _________who determines what a business is. 谁最终决定了一家企业是个什么企业?
a、president 企业的总经理
b、stakeholder 股企业的股东
c、ceo 企业的首席执行官
d、customer 企业的顾客
3、what the customer buys and considers value is always________. 顾客认定及购买的价值永远是________。
a、price (产品/服务的)价格
b、utility (产品/服务的)效用
c、technology (产品/服务的)技术
d、function (产品/服务的)功能
4、which one of the following is the best answer for the question “what do we want to become?” 下列对于“我们想要成为什么企业”最好的回答是:
a、mission statement 使命陈述
b、annual report 企业年报
c、vision statement 愿景陈述
d、funtional level strategy 职能战略
5、a mission statement should to reconcile differences among an organization's various stakeholders. 企业使命陈述内容应该 ,这样才能调和企业各个利益相关者的不同关切。
a、be broad enough 足够宽泛
b、be narrow enough 足够狭窄
c、be short 简略
d、be focused enough 足够专注某领域
6、characteristics of a mission statement:______;______;and ______. 企业使命特征包括:______;______;和______。
a、detail plans of allocating resources 详细的资源分配规划
b、a declaration of attitude 存在的目的或意义的宣称
c、a customer orientation 以顾客为导向所从事事业领域的说明
d、a declaration of social policy 经营活动中的基本行为准则和原则
7、a good mission statement should :______;______;_______;and distinguish a firm from all others. 良好的使命陈述应该做到:_______;_______;_______;以及,使得本企业与其他企业相区别。
a、define what the organization is 定义企业
b、limit to exclude some ventures 限制盲目的冒险行为
c、be broad enough to allow for growth 足够宽泛,为企业未来发展留出空间
d、detail plans of allocating resources 详细的资源分配规划
8、shared vision and mission could: creating commonality of interests; ; ; effectively motivating a workforce; and . 能在组织中有效分享的愿景与使命可以:带来共同利益; ; ; 有效激励全体员工;以及 。
a、providing opportunity & challenge 给未来发展提供了机遇与挑战
b、create a good public image 建立良好的公众形象
c、improving finacial performace immediately 立即提升财务绩效
d、reducing daily monotony 减少日常工作中的单调乏味
9、utility means what does for a customer. 效用是指 给顾客带来了什么 。
a、the price of goods 产品价格
b、the value of goods 产品价值
c、a product 产品
d、or service 服务
10、clear vision & mission are needed before alternative strategies can be formulated and implemented. 清晰的企业愿景与使命需要在形成及实施备选战略之前就建立起来。
11、participation from diverse managers is not important in developing a firm's vision and mission. 不同管理者的参与在构建企业愿景使命过程中并不重要。
12、a vision statement answers the question, "what is our business?" 愿景陈述回答了“我们是一家什么企业”的问题。
13、a mission statement answers, "what do we want to become?" whereas a vision statement answers the question, "what is our business?" 愿景陈述回答的是“我们是一个什么企业”的问题,而使命陈述回答的是“我们想要成为什么企业”这一问题。
第三章 企业环境分析第三章ch3-1 企业环境分析概述随堂测验1、argued :it is not the strongest of the species that survive, nor the most intelligent, but the one most responsive to change. 认为:自然界中能够存活下来的物种既不是最强壮的也不是最聪明的,而是最能对环境变化做出有效反映的物种。
a、m.e. porter 迈克尔. 波特
b、peter f. drucker 彼得. 德鲁克
c、charles darwin 查尔斯.达尔文
d、henry mintzberg 亨利. 明茨伯格
2、environmental analysis includes : , and . 环境分析包含的两大类别是 , 和 。
a、external audit 外部审计(外部环境分析)
b、fiancical audit 财务审计
c、information analysis 信息分析
d、internal assessment 内部环境评价
3、by occasionally monitoring external events, companies should be able to identify when change is required. 通过对外部环境的间或关注,企业就能够在需要变化时确认外部环境因素。
第三章ch3-2 企业环境分析--外部宏观环境分析随堂测验1、major categories of external variables are: , , economic forces, 和 technological forces. 下列属于企业外部环境因素的有: , , 经济因素, 和技术因素。
a、social and cultural forces 社会和文化因素
b、financial forces 财务因素
c、political, governmental and legal forces 政治、政府和法律因素
d、natural forces 自然环境因素
2、external audit is to develop an exhaustive list of every possible factor that could influence the business. 企业外部宏观环境分析需要列出对企业当前及未来产生影响的所有因素。
3、the five influences--spent are often interlinked 外部环境中主要的五大类影响因素之间是彼此联系相互影响的。
第三章ch3-3 企业环境分析--外部行业环境分析(1)随堂测验1、if industry sales stagnated for a long term, the industry is experincing phase of lifecycle. 行业整体销售额出现长时期停滞,一般表示该行业处于生命周期中的 阶段。
a、introduction 初创
b、growth 发展
c、maturity 成熟
d、decline 衰退
2、the external environments includes : and . 外部环境包括: 和 两大类。
a、macro(far)-environment 外部宏观环境(远环境)
b、social environment 社会环境
c、micro(near)-environment 外部微观环境(近环境)
d、natural environment 自然环境
3、micro(near)-environment is industrial environment. 外部微观环境(近环境)就是企业所面临的行业环境。
4、the key factors for success are those resources, skills and attributes of firms in the industry that are essential to deliver profitability. 关键的成功因素是公司在特定行业获得盈利时必须拥有的资源、技能和属性。
第三章ch3-3 企业环境分析--外部行业环境分析(2)随堂测验1、according to poter, which one of the following is the most powerful of the five forces . 下列哪个是波特所说五种力量中影响力最大的一个 。
a、the bargaining power of suppliers 供应商议价力量
b、bargaining power of consumers 顾客的议价力量
c、potential entry of new competitors 潜在进入者的威胁
d、rivalry among competing firms 现有竞争对手的竞争
2、the intensity of rivalry among competitors in the industry depends on:the maturity of the industry; free-flowing information on the internet;the number and size of the competitors in the industry; ; ; . 一个行业中竞争对手间竞争的激烈程度取决于:行业成熟度;互联网中自由流动的信息;行业中存在的竞争对手的数量及规模; ; ; 。
a、barriers to entering and leaving the industry 进入或退出行业的壁垒
b、the differentiations of products in the industry 行业内产品的差异化程度
c、a firm's financial position 企业自身的财务状况
d、brand loyalty and customer switching costs 顾客的品牌忠诚度以及顾客转换成本
3、whenever new firms can easily enter a particular industry, the intensity of competitiveness among firms decreases. 若新企业可以很容易地进入某行业,则该行业内部的竞争激烈程度则会下降。
第三章ch3-3 企业环境分析--外部行业环境分析(3)随堂测验1、three broad ways that clusters affect competition: _________;_________;_________. 战略集群影响竞争的三个主要方面是:_________;_________;_________。
a、bringing leaveing barriers to the area 带来了退出壁垒
b、increasing the productivity of companies based in the area 提升了区域内企业的生产率
c、driving the direction and pace of innovation 引领了创新方向,加快创新步伐
d、stimulating the formation of new businesses within the cluster 刺激集群内新企业的形成
2、strategic groups of firms within an industry follow the same strategies or have very similar dimensions,similar dimensions mean: ; ; and . 战略群体(集团)是指某行业中具有相近似的维度、或采用相同或相似战略的各企业组成的集合,其中相近似的维度是指: ; ; 和 。
a、same location 在同一地理区域
b、same market segments 相同的细分市场
c、same taget customers 相同的目标顾客
d、similar technology 相近似的技术
3、战略群体与战略集群是同一概念。
第三章ch3-3 企业环境分析--外部行业环境分析(4)随堂测验1、competitors analysis model includes:objective of competitors; ; ;and . 竞争对手分析模型包括以下哪些方面的分析:竞争对手的目标; ; ;和 。
a、hypothesis of competitors 竞争对手的假设
b、current strategies of competitors 竞争对手的现行战略
c、competences of competitors 竞争对手的能力
d、products of competitors 竞争对手生产的产品
2、hypothesis of competitors means the assumptions held about competitors itself and the industry 竞争对手的假设是指竞争对手对于自身及所处行业的认知假设。
3、the concept of competences of competitors means the strengths of competitors. 竞争对手的能力是指对手的内部优势。
第三章ch3-4 企业环境分析--内部环境分析概述随堂测验1、who published the article: "an analysis of inter-firm differences in efficiency under competition?" 谁发表了文章《不确定模仿力:竞争条件下企业运行效率的差异分析?》
a、birger wernerfelt 伯格·沃纳菲尔德
b、richard rumelt 理查德·鲁梅尔特
c、jay b. barney 杰恩·巴尼
d、c. a. montgomery 辛西娅·a.蒙哥马利
2、in 1984, wernerfelt published the eassy resource-based view of the firm, which is a milestone in the research of strategic managment, in journal of strategic management . the concept of resource he gave is as the same as the concept of resource that c. a. montgomery argued . 1984年,沃纳菲尔德(wernerfelt)在《战略管理杂志》上发表了具有里程碑意义的学术论文《企业资源基础论》 (resource-based view of the firm,rbv)。沃纳菲尔德给出的资源概念与辛西娅·a.蒙哥马利所提出的资源概念是一致的。
第三章ch3-4 企业环境分析--内部环境分析:资产随堂测验1、intangible resources inlude reputation and . 无形资产包括商誉和 。
a、financial resources 金融资产
b、human resources 人力资源
c、technological resources 技术资源
d、physical resources 物质资产
2、there are three types of assets : ; ; and . 企业资产包含三大类: ; ; 和 。
a、reputation 商誉
b、human resources 人力资产
c、intangible resources 无形资产
d、tangible resources 有形资产
3、employees' training ,intelligence, knowledge, skills, abilities and loyalty are components of human resources. 人力资源的主要组成包括员工的培训程度、智力水平、知识水平、技能、能力和忠诚度等。
第三章ch3-4 企业环境分析--内部环境分析:价值链(1)随堂测验1、primary activities iinclude: inbound logistics ; ; ; marketing & sales and . 价值链的基本活动包括:进货(进料)后勤; ; ; 营销;和 。
a、procurement 采购
b、operations 生产运作
c、outbound logistics 出货后勤
d、service 服务
2、value is the amount buyers are willing to pay for what a firm provides them. 价值指的是购买者愿意为企业提供的产品或服务所付出的代价。
3、vca can enable a firm to identify its own strengths and weaknesses. it is not necessery to compare a firm's vc competitors’ vc. 企业价值链分析可以使其认识到自身的优势和劣势,所以没有必要将自身价值链与竞争对手的价值链进行对比。
第三章ch3-4 企业环境分析--内部环境分析:价值链(2)随堂测验1、which of the following is not support activity in a firm's value chain?___________ 下列哪项不是企业价值链中的支持活动___________
a、technology development 技术开发
b、human resource management 人力资源管理
c、outbound logistics 出货后勤
d、procurement 采购
2、the value chain is not a collection of activities but a system of activities, value chain activities are related by linkages, which can lead to ca. 价值链活动并非由 活动组成,而是由 活动组成一个系统,并且这些联系也会形成竞争优势。
a、interdependent ;independent 相互依赖;彼此孤立
b、independent ;interdependent 彼此孤立;相互依赖
c、independent;independent 彼此孤立;彼此孤立
d、interdependent ;interdependent 相互依赖;相互依赖
3、which of the following are activities of firm's infrastructure: ; ; and . 下列活动中哪些属于价值链支持性活动企业基础设施 ; ; 和 。
a、general management activities 一般性管理活动
b、marketing& sales management activities 营销管理活动
c、finance management activities 财务管理活动
d、legal, government affairs 相关法律、政府等事宜
4、technology development-- consists of a range of activities that can be broadly grouped into efforts to improve the product. 价值链中技术开发这项支持性活动,其所包含的一系列活动能够化为提升产品的各种努力。
5、according to porter: technology development is important to competitive advantage in all industry. 按照波特所言,技术开发对于所有行业的企业获取竞争优势都是重要的。
6、managers need to identify the activities that are critical to buyer satisfaction and market success, especially the activities that differentiate the firm form others. 管理者需要着重确认能够满足顾客并区别于对手的价值活动。
第三章ch3-4 企业环境分析--内部环境分析:经验效益(1)随堂测验1、generally speaking, as people repeat a task again and again, the time it takes to do the task due to “learning”. 当人们不断重复某项工作时,完成工作所耗费的时间会因为“学习”而 。
a、dramaticaly decreases 大幅降低
b、gradually increases 逐渐增加
c、dramaticaly increases 大幅提高
d、gradually decreases 逐渐减少
2、which one is the “learning curve” math model noted by t.p. wright. 下列哪个公式是怀特提出的学习曲线数学模型 。
a、
b、
c、
d、
3、management contribute to learning with better tools and processes. 通过方法与过程的优化,管理工作 有助于学习。
a、could 能够
b、could not 不能够
c、we don't know whether or not, it could 不清楚是否能够
d、must 必定
第三章ch3-4 企业环境分析--内部环境分析:经验效益(2)随堂测验1、in industry, s typically ranges from to 100%. 研究表明,对绝大多数行业而言,s的取值范围是从 %到100%。
a、0
b、20
c、70
d、50
2、b is called the natural slope—it represents the rate of learning , always a negative number except for (rare) “forgetting”. 公式中,字母"b"一定是取负值的,除非是出现极少的“遗忘”情况。
3、u model: if the slope is s%, any doubling of the production quantity from some unit #n to another unit #2n results in a reduction in labor hours from hn to s% of hn. 在u 模型中,完成工作所需时间(成本)下降的百分比以s %表示,通过长期观察发现,对某一单位(或工作者)而言,每当积累的产量翻番时,所需时间(成本)会以一个相对固定的s比率下降。
第三章ch3-4 企业环境分析--内部环境分析:经验效益(3)随堂测验1、if a business and its competitor has the same “s” and the same cost of the first unit ,the business should . 如果某企业与其竞争对手具有相同的初始单位产品成本和相同的学习率,则该企业应该 。
a、improving personnel learning & supervisory learning 提升个人学习能力和监督学习的工作
b、finding better processes and being faster to implement them 找到更好的生产流程并先于对手实施
c、starting production behind its competitors 晚于对手生产
d、starting production ahead of its competitors 先于对手生产
2、learning rate is not useful when : 何种情况下学习效应不起作用?
a、each item produced is significantly different from the preceding item 企业生产的每一个项目均存在巨大差异
b、rules & regulations limit the production rate 相关法律法规限制企业的产量
c、production quantities are very small 产量非常少
d、there is almost no way to improve the production rate 几乎没有从量的积累中改进提高生产率的余地
3、for economies of scale, the cost per unit depends on size of the individual firm; learn curve does necessarily depend on size of the individual firm. 对于规模效应而言,单位成本取决于企业的自身规模;学习效应则与企业自身规模同样有直接关系。
第三章ch3-4 企业环境分析--内部环境分析:核心能力随堂测验1、assets and competences generally possessed by firms who could not compete in an industry at all without possessing resources and competences. 一般性的资产和能力是一个行业中 企业应该具备的,没有这些资源和能力企业将无法在该行业内竞争。
a、few of 很少的
b、all 所有
c、the leading 领先的
d、some 一些
2、according to prahalad and hamel: three tests to identify core competence . 普拉哈拉德和哈默尔认为核心能力的三个检验标准分别是: 。
a、being difficult for competitors to imitate 独树一帜难于被对手模仿的能力
b、adding greater customer value 增加顾客价值
c、equiping a business with ability to enter and successfully compete in several markets 使得企业具备成功进入不同领域、不同市场环境的能力。
d、reducing costs rapidly 大幅降低成本
3、david collins & cynthia motgomery argue that , ,and of resources create value. 大卫.科利斯和辛西娅.蒙哥马利认为资源的 , ,和 创造了价值。
a、scarcity 稀缺性
b、demands 需求性
c、consistancy 一致性
d、appropriability 可占有性
4、core competence is unique to the firm which are producing above average performance and difficult to copy. 核心能力是独特的难于模仿的,拥有这种能力的企业可以获取超过行业平均绩效的绩效。
第三单元测验1、financial crisis that reverberated around the world is belong to: . 肆虐全球的金融危机属于以下哪类因素: 。
a、near environments’ factors 企业的“近”环境因素
b、internal environments’ factors 企业的内部环境因素
c、industrial factors 行业环境因素
d、far environments’ factors 企业的“远”环境因素
2、which of the following choices does not belong to industry properties_________? 以下哪个选项不属于行业特征:
a、economies of scale 规模经济
b、barriers to market entry 市场进入壁垒
c、a firm’s core competence 一家企业的核心能力
d、level of competitiveness 企业间竞争激烈程度
3、when an industry relies heavily on government contracts, ______ forecasts can be the most important part of an external audit. 当一个行业严重依赖政府订单时,外部环境分析中对______的预判是最为重要的 。
a、economic 经济
b、political,govermental 政治、政府
c、technological 技术
d、multinational 跨国
4、according to porter, ________is usually the most powerful of the five competitive forces. 按照波特的观点, ________是五种力量中最具影响的因素。
a、rivalry among competing firms 行业内企业间的竞争
b、potential entry of new competitors 潜在的新进入者
c、bargaining power of consumers 顾客的议价能力
d、bargaining power of suppliers 供应商的议价能力
5、strategic groups of firms within an industry follow ___________strategies or have very ___________ dimensions. 行业里同一战略集团中的企业往往采取___________ 战略或拥有___________ 维度。
a、the same ;similar 相同的;相近的
b、different ;different 不同的;不同的
c、the same ; different 相同的;不同的
d、different; similar 不同的;近似的
6、which one of the following is tangible resource? 下列哪项是有形资源:
a、technological resources 技术资源
b、reputation 商誉
c、financial resources 财务资源
d、brand name 品牌
7、if a business and its competitor has the same “s” and the same cost of the first unit ,the business should . 如果某企业与其竞争对手具有相同的初始单位产品成本和相同的学习率,则该企业应该 。
a、improving personnel learning & supervisory learning 提升个人学习能力和监督学习的工作
b、finding better processes and being faster to implement them 找到更好的业务流程并先于对手实施
c、starting production behind its competitors 晚于对手生产
d、starting production ahead of its competitors 先于对手生产
8、in the formula , represents: 在公式中,代表了:
a、the theoretical labor hours/costs required to build the first unit produced 理论上生产第一件产品所耗费的工时或成本
b、the labor hours required to build unit #n 第n件产工时品所需工时
c、the rate of learning 学习率
d、the number (count) of an item in the production sequence 生产序列中一个项目的序号
9、technological advancements can create new competitive advantages that ______ existing advantages. 技术进步为企业带来的新竞争优势与已存在优势相比会: 。
a、are not as powerful as 不如已经存在的优势影响力
b、are as powerful as 与已经存在的优势影响力相同
c、are less powerful than 影响力小于已经存在的优势
d、are more powerful than 更强于已经存在的优势影响力
10、what is the range for a firm’s total weighted score in an external factor evaluation matrix? (efe matrix) 在外部因素评价矩阵(efe矩阵)中总加权分值的取值范围是:
a、0 to 5
b、0 to 3
c、1 to 4
d、1 to 6
11、if a firm’s total weighted score is 1.6 in an ife matrix, it indicates that ___________ 如果在内部环境评价矩阵中一个企业的总加权分值为1.6,则说明___________
a、the firm is being weak internally 该企业内部处于弱势状态
b、the firm is being a strong internal position 该企业内部处于强势状态
c、the firm’s response is outstanding to threats and weaknesses 该企业很好地应对了威胁和弱点
d、the firm’s strategies is not capitalizing on opportunities or avoiding threats 该企业现行战略没有很好地抓住机会或规避威胁
12、environmental analysis includes : , and . 环境分析包含的两大类别是 , 和 。
a、external audit 外部审计(外部环境分析)
b、fiancical audit 财务审计
c、information analysis 信息分析
d、internal assessment 内部环境评价
13、competitors analysis model includes:objective of competitors; ; ;and . 竞争对手分析模型包括以下哪些方面的分析:竞争对手的目标; ; ;和 。
a、hypothesis of competitors 竞争对手的假设
b、current strategies of competitors 竞争对手的现行战略
c、competences of competitors 竞争对手的能力
d、products of competitors 竞争对手生产的产品
14、primary activities iinclude: inbound logistics ; ; ; marketing & sales and . 价值链的基本活动包括:进货(进料)后勤; ; ; 营销;和 。
a、service 服务
b、outbound logistics 出货后勤
c、operations 生产运作
d、procurement 采购
15、according to prahalad and hamel: three tests to identify core competence . 普拉哈拉德和哈默尔认为核心能力的三个检验标准分别是: 。
a、being difficult for competitors to imitate 独树一帜难于被对手模仿的能力
b、adding greater customer value 增加顾客价值
c、reducing costs rapidly 大幅降低成本
d、equiping a business with ability to enter and successfully compete in several markets 使得企业具备成功进入不同领域、不同市场环境的能力。
16、david collins & cynthia motgomery argue that , ,and of resources create value. 大卫.科利斯和辛西娅.蒙哥马利认为资源的 , ,和 创造了价值。
a、scarcity 稀缺性
b、demands 需求性
c、consistancy 一致性
d、appropriability 可占有性
17、which of the following are activities of firm's infrastructure: ; ; and . 下列活动中哪些属于价值链支持性活动中的企业基础设施 ; ; 和 。
a、general management activities 一般性管理活动
b、marketing& sales management activities 营销管理活动
c、finance management activities 财务管理活动
d、legal, government affairs 相关法律、政府等事宜
18、three broad ways that clusters affect competition: _________;_________and ________. 战略集群影响竞争的三个主要方面是:_________;_________和_________。
a、bringing leaveing barriers to the area 带来了退出壁垒
b、increasing the productivity of companies based in the area 提升了区域内企业的生产率
c、driving the direction and pace of innovation 引领了创新方向,加快创新步伐
d、stimulating the formation of new businesses within the cluster 刺激集群内新企业的形成
19、there are three activities in the internal analysis process:___________ 企业内部环境分析包含三项活动:___________
a、resources, capabilities/competencies,core competencies analysis 企业内部资源,能力及核心能力分析
b、competitor analysis 企业竞争对手分析
c、value chain analysis 企业价值链分析
d、comparative analysis 对比分析
20、learning rate is not useful when ___________ 下列何种情况下学习效应不起作用?
a、each item produced is significantly different from the preceding item 企业生产的每一个项目均存在巨大差异
b、rules & regulations limit the production rate 相关法律法规限制企业的产量
c、there is almost no way to improve the production rate 几乎没有从量的积累中改进提高生产率的余地
d、production is sporadic ;production quantities are very small 产量非常少;生产过于零星
21、the five influences--spent are often interlinked. 外部环境中主要的五大类影响因素之间是彼此联系相互影响的。
22、value is the amount buyers are willing to pay for what a firm provides them. 价值指的是购买者愿意为企业的提供品所付出的代价。
23、vca can enable a firm to identify its own strengths and weaknesses. it is not necessery to compare a firm's vc competitors’ vc. 企业价值链分析可以使其认识到自身的优势和劣势,所以没有必要将自身价值链与竞争对手的价值链进行对比。
24、according to porter: technology development is important to competitive advantage in all industry. 按照波特所言,技术开发对于所有行业的企业获取竞争优势都是重要的。
25、for economies of scale, the cost per unit depends on size of the individual firm; learn curve does necessarily depend on size of the individual firm. 对于规模效应而言,单位成本取决于企业的自身规模;学习效应则与企业自身规模同样有直接关系。
26、managers need to identify the activities that are critical to buyer satisfaction and market success, especially the activities that differentiate the firm form others. 管理者需要着重确认能够满足顾客并区别于对手的价值活动。
27、the impact of natural events upon business activity can be very powerful and difficult to predict or avoid. 自然环境因素对于企业的影响是巨大而难于避免和预测的。
28、external audit is to develop an exhaustive list of every possible factor that could influence the business. 企业外部宏观环境分析需要列出对企业当前及未来产生影响的所有因素。
29、strengths and weaknesses are determined relative to competitors. 企业自身的优势或劣势是相对于竞争对手而言的。
利用efe、ife和cpm矩阵分析案例企业1、利用efe、ife和cpm矩阵对指定企业的内、外部环境进行分析。
第四章 企业战略识别第四章ch4-1 战略识别概述随堂测验1、said :" tomorrow always arrives. it is always different. and even the mightiest company is in trouble if it has not worked on the future". 曾经说:“明天终会来临,并且总是不同的。如果不能面向未来,即使是最强大的企业,也会陷入困境。”
a、m. e. porter 迈克尔. 波特
b、henry. mintzberg 亨利. 明茨伯格
c、james quinn 詹姆斯·奎因
d、peter drucker 彼得. 德鲁克
2、when you chose an alternative strategy for a firm, you should understand conditions when the strategy can be especially effective and the limitation of the strategy. 为企业选择一个备选战略时,你应该明了该战略的有效适用条件和其局限性。
第四章ch4-2 企业战略识别--网络层战略随堂测验1、joint venture is a strategic alliance in which two or more firms create to share some of their resources and capabilities to develop a competitive advantage. 合资企业是指这样一种战略联盟:由两家或多家企业共同出资创立 来分享彼此的资源与能力,从而产生出竞争优势。
a、a legally non-independent company 一家非独立法人企业
b、a public company 一家公众企业(上市公司)
c、a legally independent company 一家独立法人企业
d、a private comoany 一家私营企业(非上市公司)
2、types of strategic alliance include: and . 战略联盟的两大类别是 和 。
a、integration strategies 一体化战略
b、equity strategic alliance 涉及资产的战略联盟
c、diversification strategies 多元化战略
d、non-equity strategic alliance 不涉及资产的战略联盟
3、business is only competition. 商业领域只有竞争。
第四章ch4-3 企业战略识别--公司层战略(1)随堂测验1、there are two types of corporate level strategies: growth strategy and . 公司层战略主要包括发展战略和 两大类。
a、cooperative strategy 竞合战略
b、defensive strategies 防御战略
c、generic strategies 一般性战略
d、functional strategies 职能战略
2、if a firm directs its resources to the profitable growth of a single product, in a single market, with a single dominant technology, the firm is persuing corporate strategy . 如果一家企业完全在一个有技术主导性的领域中经营,且只提供单品种的产品或服务时,则其运用的是 战略。
a、concentration strategy 单一化战略(集中生产单一产品)
b、product serialization strategy 系列化战略
c、integration strategies 一体化战略
d、diversification strategies 多元化战略
3、backward integration strategy is especially effective when: ; and . 后向一体化战略在下列哪些条件下有效: ; 和 。
a、a firm's present suppliers are expensive 企业对现有供应商付出的成本过高
b、a firm's present suppliers are unreliable 现有供应商无法依赖
c、the availability of quality distributors is so limited 具有资质的渠道商很少
d、the industry is growing fast 所处行业正在快速增长
4、integration strategies include: and . 一体化战略包括: 和 。
a、horizontal integration 水平一体化
b、hierarchical integration 分层级一体化
c、diversification 多元化
d、vertical integration 垂直一体化
第四章ch4-3 企业战略识别--公司层战略(2)随堂测验1、most companies favor related diversification strategies in order to exploit common use of a well-known brand name. 大多数企业钟情于相关多元化战略是因为可以在其他领域利用其已建立的品牌知名度。
2、diversification strategies are becoming more popular as organizations are finding it easier to manage diverse business activities. 多元化战略正变得越来越普遍,原因是企业发现管理多种业务是件很容易的事情。
3、diversification strategies may be risky, and require that an organization has the capital and managerial talent to compete successfully in a new industry. 多元化战略风险较高,要求企业具备在新行业领域竞争所需的资金、管理人才及能力等条件。
第四章ch4-3 企业战略识别--公司层战略(3)随堂测验1、selling a division or part of an organization is strategy. 出售企业中某一业务部门或业务单元属于 战略。
a、liquidation 清算
b、concentration 单一化
c、divestiture 剥离
d、retrenchment 收缩
2、there are three types of defensive strategies: ; and . 公司战略中防御性战略包括: ; 和 。
a、retrenchment 收缩
b、divestiture 剥离
c、liquidation 清算
d、recalling 召回
3、conditions when retrenchment strategies are effective: ; and . 收缩战略适用的条件包括下列: ; 和 。
a、failed to meet objectives & goals consistency; has distinctive competencies 企业持续经历无法实现自身制定的目标情况;但企业自身尚存在一些独特的能力
b、firm is one of weaker competitors 企业自身在行业或所在市场中处于弱势地位
c、rapid growth in size; major internal reorganization necessary 企业经历了快速规模扩张后;需要进行重要的内部重组
d、minimize stockholder loss by selling firm’s assets 尽量减少股东损失
第四章ch4-4 企业战略识别--业务层战略(1)随堂测验1、ways of ensuring total costs across value chain are lower than competitors’ total costs: and . 确保自身价值链活动导致的总成本低于竞争对手的两大途径是: 和 。
a、performing value chain activities more efficiently than rivals and control factors that drive costs. 比竞争对手更有效率地运行价值链活动,并控制导致成本上升的各类因素。
b、offering superior after sales service. 为顾客提供卓越的k8凯发的售后服务。
c、creating products which are superior to competitors by virtue of design, technology, performance etc. 通过良好的设计、先进技术和优异性能,为顾客带来超越竞争对手的产品。
d、revamp the firm’s overall value chain to eliminate or bypass some cost-producing activities. 改进企业整个价值链,以剔除或避开某些带来成本的活动。
2、according to porter, strategies allow organizations to gain competitive advantage from three different bases: cost leadership, differentiation and integration. 按照波特所言,一般性战略从成本领先、差异化和一体化三个方面使企业获得竞争优势。
3、for consumers who are price sensitive, cost leadership emphasizes producing standardized products at very low per-unit cost. 对于价格敏感型顾客,企业可以利用成本领先战略着重以很低的单位成本生产标准化的产品。
4、cost leadership:being the lowest cost producer of a product or service in an industry to earn above average profits. 成领先本战略:使产品或服务的成本处于行业最低水平,从而使企业获得超过行业平均利润的回报。
第四章ch4-4 企业战略识别--业务层战略(2)随堂测验1、cost leadership can be especially effective when: . 下列哪些条件下成本领先战略是有效的: 。
a、the market is composed of many price-sensitive buyers and the price competition among rivals is vigorous. 市场上充斥的是价格敏感型的顾客;对手间价格竞争日趋激烈。
b、rival’s products are identical and supplies are readily available. 产品与竞争对手趋同,且所需投入品易从上游供应商那里获取。
c、there are few ways to achieve differentiation. 很难有形成差异化的途径。
d、most buyers use the product in the same way. 产品的用途对大多数顾客一致。
2、以下属于成本领先战略风险的有: 。
a、可能导致企业利润水平较低。
b、企业对市场敏感性可能变得迟钝。
c、超过了顾客的承受能力
d、低价优势丧失
第四章ch4-4 企业战略识别--业务层战略(3)随堂测验1、ways to pursue differentiation successfully: ________. 下列属于成功采取差异化战略的途径包括:________。
a、creating products which are superior to competitors by virtue of design, technology, performance etc. 通过设计、技术和性能等,创造出优于竞争对手的产品
b、controlling total costs 控制总成本
c、building superior distribution channels 建立优良的营销渠道
d、offering superior after sales service 提供高品质的k8凯发的售后服务
2、differentiation can be especially effective when: . 以下是差异化战略有效条件的包括: 。
a、there are many ways to differentiate and many buyers, who are price-insensitive, and perceive the value of the differences. 目标顾客多为非价格敏感型并关注差异化的价值,同时存在多种差异化途径。
b、few rival firms are following a similar differentiation approach. 极少对手企业采用同样的差异化方法。
c、buyer needs and uses are diverse. 购买者对商品或服务的需求和用途各不相同。
d、technology change is fast paced and competition revolves around evolving product features. 技术变化步伐加快,竞争对手间竞争主要围绕如何培育出产品的特色。
3、以下属于差异化战略风险的有: .
a、非真正的、 不合适的差异化
b、差异化所带来的成本增加超过了顾客的承受能力
c、竞争对手的模仿威胁
d、顾客需求的差异化程度下降
4、differentiation means :creating a customer perception that a product or service is superior so that a premium price can be charged. 差异化是指企业培育出这样一个顾客印象:即其产品或服务是提供行业内其他企业无法提供的、独特的产品或服务,从而可以获取溢价收益。
第四章ch4-4 企业战略识别--业务层战略(4)随堂测验1、focus strategy can be especially effective when: 集中化战略的有效实施条件包括:
a、the target market niche is large, profitable, and growing 所选择的利基市场足够大、有利可图且还在发展中
b、industry leaders do not consider the niche crucial or too costly or difficult to meet 行业领导者不把该利基市场作为其重要的目标市场,或者认为进入该市场非常困难或代价过大
c、the industry has many different niches and segments 所处行业中存在很多的利基市场和细分市场
d、few, if any, other rivals are attempting to specialize in the same target segment 行业中很少有其他竞争对手力图进入同一个利基市场
2、下列属于集中化战略风险的包括:
a、企业赢利能力可能受限
b、企业转换的成本可能比较高
c、细分市场可能减少或消失
d、较大的细分市场潜力会导致竞争更加激烈
3、concerned with the scope of the strategy,use differentiation or cost leadership in narrow scope – segment or niche. 集中化战略(又被称为:聚焦战略、专一战略、利基市场战略),是企业集中力量为某一特定的细分市场提供产品和服务,或重点经营某类产品的特定部分、特定的市场层面,在某一局部建立竞争优势的战略。
第四章ch4-4 企业战略识别--业务层战略(5)随堂测验1、according to porter:a firm that engages in and strategy but fails to achieve any of them is “ stuck in the middle”. it possesses no competitive advantage. 波特认为如果一个企业同时采用 和 战略而哪一个都没有实现,则该企业会被“困在其中”。企业不会有竞争优势。
a、成本领先
b、一体化
c、多元化
d、差异化
2、hybrid strategy:engaging in each generic strategy to achieving cost leadership and differentiation. 最优成本供应商战略(混合型战略):低成本地提供优秀的差异化产品(服务),然后利用成本优势制定比竞争产品更低的价格,通过为买方提供超值价值来建立竞争优势的战略。
3、it's risky to pursue hybrid strategy. a firm that is stuck in the middle will be much less profitable than rivals achieving one of the generic strategies. 混合型战略(最优成本供应商战略)的确存在风险,如果一家企业真被困在其中,其盈利能力比仅仅采用一种一般性战略的企业要小。
第四章ch4-4 企业战略识别--业务层战略(6)随堂测验1、present markets, present products mean 利用当前产品提高当前市场 占有率属于加强型战略中的
a、product development 产品开发
b、market penetration 市场渗透
c、market development 市场开拓
d、diversification 多元化
2、intensive strategies inlcude: 加强型战略包括有:
a、market penetration 市场渗透
b、market development 市场开拓
c、diversification 多元化
d、product development 产品开发
3、market development includes introducing present products into: 市场开拓指将现有产品推广至:
a、present market segments 现有细分市场
b、new geographic areas 新的地理范围
c、new market segments 新的细分市场
d、new uses 新的用途
第四章ch4-5 企业战略识别--基于企业及行业生命周期随堂测验1、符合"企业规模小、员工少,企业的管理人员往往身兼数职,职责不清。企业缺乏一套科学合理的管理制度"特点的企业最可能处于其生命周期的 阶段。
a、成熟
b、初创
c、衰退
d、发展
2、处于衰退期的企业可以选择
a、转变、紧缩
b、放弃、分离
c、清理战略
d、全面改组战略
3、在企业所处生命周期中成熟期,企业往往实行稳定型战略。实行稳定型战略的前提条件是企业过去的战略是不成功的。
第四单元测验1、a firm directs its resources to the profitable growth of a single product, in a single market, with a single dominant technology. the firm pursues___________strategy. 某企业力图利用自身单一性主导技术,在单一市场将其资源投入到单一产品的发展以获得利润增长。这家企业采取的是___________战略。
a、horizontal integration 水平一体化
b、diversification 多元化
c、concentration 专一化(集中生产单一产品)
d、vertical integration 纵向一体化
2、when a chinsee company first begins to export to india, it is an example of______ intensive strategy. 一家中国企业第一次将其产品出口到印度市场,这是加强型战略中______战略的一个例证。
a、market penetration 市场渗透
b、market development 市场开拓
c、product development 产品开发
d、forward integration 前向一体化
3、if a firm’s present suppliers are expensive and unreliable in meeting the firm’s needs for parts, components and/or raw materials, it should pursue a ___________strategy. 一家企业的供应商如果在提供的原材料、零部件等方面价格高昂并且难以稳定依赖,则这家企业应该采取___________战略。
a、horizontal integration 横向一体化
b、concentration 专一化
c、forward integration 前向一体化
d、backward integration 后向一体化
4、__________ is effective when the stockholders of a firm can minimize their losses by selling the organization’s assets. __________战略在通过变卖企业资产而减少股东损失方面是有效的。
a、differentiation 多元化
b、liquidation 清算
c、integration 一体化
d、diversification 多元化
5、符合"企业规模小、员工少,企业的管理人员往往身兼数职,职责不清。企业缺乏一套科学合理的管理制度"特点的企业最可能处于其生命周期的 阶段。
a、成熟
b、初创
c、衰退
d、成长
6、joint venture is a strategic alliance in which two or more firms create to share some of their resources and capabilities to develop a competitive advantage. 合资企业是指这样一种战略联盟:由两家或多家企业共同出资创立 来分享彼此的资源与能力,从而产生出竞争优势。
a、a legally non-independent company 一家非独立法人企业
b、a public company 一家公众企业(上市公司)
c、a legally independent company 一家独立法人企业
d、a private comoany 一家私营企业(非上市公司)
7、according to porter:a firm that engages in and differentiation strategy but fails to achieve any of them is “ stuck in the middle”. it possesses no competitive advantage. 波特认为如果一个企业同时采用 和差异化战略而哪一个都没有实现,则该企业会被“困在其中”。企业不会有竞争优势。
a、costleadership 成本领先
b、diversification 多元化
c、integration 一体化
d、concentation 专一化
8、types of strategic alliance include: and . 战略联盟的两大类别是 和 。
a、integration alliance 一体化联盟
b、equity strategic alliance 涉及资产的战略联盟
c、diversification alliance 多元化联盟
d、non-equity strategic alliance 不涉及资产的战略联盟
9、ways of ensuring total costs across value chain are lower than competitors’ total costs: and . 确保自身价值链活动导致的总成本低于竞争对手的两大途径是: 和 。
a、revamp the firm’s overall value chain to eliminate or bypass some cost-producing activities. 改进企业整个价值链,以剔除或避开某些带来成本的活动。
b、creating products which are superior to competitors by virtue of design, technology, performance etc. 通过良好的设计、先进技术和优异性能,为顾客带来超越竞争对手的产品。
c、offering superior after sales service. 为顾客提供卓越的k8凯发的售后服务。
d、performing value chain activities more efficiently than rivals and control factors that drive costs. 比竞争对手更有效率地运行价值链活动,并控制导致成本上升的各类因素。
10、differentiation can be especially effective when: . 以下是差异化战略有效条件的包括: 。
a、there are many ways to differentiate and many buyers, who are price-insensitive, and perceive the value of the differences. 目标顾客多为非价格敏感型并关注差异化的价值,同时存在多种差异化途径。
b、few rival firms are following a similar differentiation approach. 极少对手企业采用同样的差异化方法。
c、buyer needs and uses are diverse. 购买者对商品或服务的需求和用途各不相同。
d、technology change is fast paced and competition revolves around evolving product features. 技术变化步伐加快,竞争对手间竞争主要围绕如何培育出产品的特色。
11、以下属于成本领先战略风险的有: 。
a、可能导致企业利润水平较低。
b、企业对市场敏感性可能变得迟钝。
c、超过了顾客的承受能力
d、低价优势丧失
12、cost leadership can be especially effective when: . 下列哪些条件下成本领先战略是有效的: 。
a、the market is composed of many price-sensitive buyers and the price competition among rivals is vigorous. 市场上充斥的是价格敏感型的顾客;对手间价格竞争日趋激烈。
b、rival’s products are identical and supplies are readily available. 产品与竞争对手趋同,且所需投入品易从上游供应商那里获取。
c、there are few ways to achieve differentiation. 很难有形成差异化的途径。
d、most buyers use the product in the same way. 产品的用途对大多数顾客一致。
13、concerned with the scope of the strategy,use differentiation or cost leadership in narrow scope – segment or niche. 集中化战略(又被称为:聚焦战略、专一战略、利基市场战略),是企业集中力量为某一特定的细分市场提供产品和服务,或重点经营某类产品的特定部分、特定的市场层面,利用差异化或成本领先在某一局部建立竞争优势的战略。
14、hybrid strategy:engaging in each generic strategy to achieving cost leadership and differentiation. 最优成本供应商战略(混合型战略):低成本地提供优秀的差异化产品(服务),然后利用成本优势制定比竞争产品更低的价格,通过为买方提供超值价值来建立竞争优势的战略。
15、在生命周期中的成熟期,企业往往实行稳定型战略。实行稳定型战略的前提条件是企业过去的战略是不成功的。
16、diversification strategies may be risky, and require that an organization has the capital and managerial talent to compete successfully in a new industry. 多元化战略风险较高,要求企业具备在新行业领域竞争所需的资金、管理人才及能力等条件。
第五章 企业战略评价与选择ch5-1 企业战略评价与选择的本质随堂测验1、the nature of strategy analysis & choice includes: . 战略分析与选择的过程本质上包括: 。
a、establishing long-term objectives 企业长期目标的树立
b、correcting actions 纠正行为
c、generating alternative strategies 备选战略的产生
d、selecting strategies to pursue 最终要实施战略的选择
2、there are three stages in a comprehensive strategy-formulation framework : . 全面战略形成框架包含的三个阶段是: 。
a、the matching stage 匹配阶段
b、the decision stage 决策阶段
c、the input stage 准备(投入)阶段
d、the implementation stage 实施阶段
3、strategic management is not a box of tricks or a bundle of techniques. it is analytical thinking and commitment of resources to action. 战略管理并非是一个神奇的过程或仅仅是一系列技术工具,它是一个分析思考并利用资源采取行动的过程。
ch5-2 企业战略评价与选择--战略匹配(1)随堂测验1、using a firm’s strengths to avoid or reduce the impact of external threats is strategy. 利用企业内部优势去避免或减少外部环境所带来的威胁,这种战略属于swota矩阵中 组合。
a、wt
b、st
c、so
d、wo
2、__________are included in the input stage of the strategy formulation framework. 下列属于战略准备(投入)阶段包含的分析工具有: 。
a、swot matrix
b、efe matrix
c、ife matrix
d、cpm matrix
3、__________are included in the matching stage of the strategy formulation framework. 下列属于战略匹配阶段包含的匹配工具有: 。
a、swot matrix
b、bcg matrix
c、ie matrix
d、space matrix
ch5-2 企业战略评价与选择--战略匹配(2)随堂测验1、if a financially strong firm that has achieved major competitive advantages in a growing and stable industry, the firm’s directional vector should be located in the ________quadrant of space matrix. 如果分析显示一家财务状况良好并具有明显竞争优势的企业正处于一个稳定发展的行业,则在战略定位及行为评价矩阵中代表该企业的向量会处于________象限。
a、conservative 保守
b、aggressive 进取
c、defensive 防御
d、competitive 竞争
2、divestiture is one of alternative strategies in the quadrant of space matrix. 剥离战略是战略定位及行为评价矩阵中 象限的一个备选战略。
a、conservative 保守
b、aggressive 进取
c、defensive 防御
d、competitive 竞争
3、strategic positions in space matrix : . space矩阵中包含的战略定位因素有: 。
a、financial position (fp) 企业财务状况
b、competitive position (cp) 企业竞争地位
c、stability position(sp) 宏观环境稳定性
d、industry position (ip) 行业发展状况
ch5-2 企业战略评价与选择--战略匹配(3)随堂测验1、relative market share position:ratio of a division’s own market share in an industry to the market share held by in that industry. 相对市场占有率是指一个业务单元自身市场占有率与其所处行业内 的市场占有率之比。
a、the smallest rival firm 最小竞争对手
b、the second largest rival firm 第二大竞争对手
c、the largest rival firm 最大竞争对手
d、all rival firms 所有竞争对手
2、if a division has high relative market share and competes in a low-growth industry, the division is a business in the bcg matrix. 如果某业务单元具有高相对市场占有率且处于一个低成长的行业,这该业务单元属于bcg矩阵中 类业务。
a、dogs瘦狗类业务
b、cash cows现金牛类业务
c、stars明星类业务
d、question marks问题类业务
3、limitations of bcg matrix: . bcg矩阵的局限性包括下列: 。
a、oversimplification 过于简单化
b、a snapshot of an organization at a given point in time 静态的观测
c、focus on market-share position & industry growth rate 着重不同业务单元各自市场占有率和所处行业发展状况
d、other variables besides relative market share and industry growth rate in sales,which are important in making strategic decisions about various divisions,are not considered. 未考虑其他重要的影响战略决策的因素
4、bcg matrix can enhance single-divisional firm in formulating strategies. bcg矩阵有助于具有单个业务单元的企业形成战略。
ch5-2 企业战略评价与选择--战略匹配(4)随堂测验1、if a firm’s sbu locates in cells iii, v, or vii in ie matrix, the firm should pursue __________strategy. 如果在ie矩阵中一个企业中的业务单元位于第三、第五或第七象限,则该业务单元应该采取__________战略。
a、grow and build 建设与发展
b、hold and maintain 维持
c、divest 剥离
d、harvest 收获
2、the internal-external matrix is based on two key dimensions: . ie矩阵有两大维度的变量: 。
a、relative market share position 相对市场占有率
b、the ife total weighted scores ife矩阵加权总分值
c、industry sales growth rate 行业整体销售增长率
d、the efe total weighted scores efe 矩阵加权总分值
3、the internal-external matrix positions an organization’s various divisions in a nine-cell display. ie矩阵将一个企业的不同业务单元分为九个类别进行分析。
ch5-3 企业战略评价与选择--战略选择随堂测验1、the attractiveness score of an alternative strategy "3" means the strategy is . 备选战略的吸引力分值是“3”则意味着该战略 。
a、not attractive没有吸引力
b、somewhat attractive有一些吸引力
c、reasonably attractive有相当的吸引力
d、highly attractive非常具有吸引力
2、the only one analytical technique in the literature. quantitative strategic planning matrix is designed to finally determine the strategy (strategies) to pursue. 定量战略计划矩阵(qspm矩阵)是所学战略决策阶段的唯一分析工具。该分析工具能够完全决定最终选择的战略。
3、the qspm uses input ( critical success factors) from stage1 analyses and matching results from stage2 analyses to decide objectively among alternative strategies. qspm矩阵利用战略形成过程中第一阶段和第二阶段的分析结果来进行战略评价。
第五单元测验1、which of the following tools is not in the matching stage________. 下列哪个分析工具 不属于战略形成中的匹配阶段:________。
a、swot matrix
b、cpm
c、space matrix
d、bcg matrix
2、improving internal weaknesses by taking advantage of external opportunities is ______strategies. 利用外部机会改善内部缺陷属于swot中 ______战略组合。
a、st
b、wt
c、so
d、wo
3、if a financially strong firm that has achieved major competitive advantages in a growing and stable industry, the firm’s directional vector should be located in the ________quadrant of space matrix. 如果一个财务状况良好且具有明显竞争优势的企业,处在一个发展良好且稳定的行业中,那么表示该企业的向量应落在space矩阵中的 ________象限。
a、competitive 竞争
b、conservative 保守
c、aggressive 进取
d、defensive 防御
4、which of following strategies is an attractive strategy for a cash cow division? ________ 下列哪个战略适合现金牛类的业务单元: ________
a、product development 产品开发策略
b、maitain strategy 维持策略
c、market penetration 市场渗透策略
d、market development 市场开拓策略
5、divestiture is one of alternative strategies in the quadrant of space matrix. 剥离战略是战略定位及行为评价矩阵中 象限的一个备选战略。
a、conservative 保守
b、aggressive 进取
c、defensive 防御
d、competitive 竞争
6、if a division has high relative market share and competes in a high-growth industry, the division is a business in the bcg matrix. 如果某业务单元具有高相对市场占有率且处于一个高成长的行业,这该业务单元属于bcg矩阵中 类业务。
a、dogs瘦狗类业务
b、cash cows现金牛类业务
c、stars明星类业务
d、question marks问题类业务
7、the attractiveness score of an alternative strategy "3" means the strategy is . 备选战略的吸引力分值是“3”则意味着该战略 。
a、not attractive没有吸引力
b、somewhat attractive有一些吸引力
c、reasonably attractive有相当的吸引力
d、highly attractive非常具有吸引力
8、the second stage of comprehensive strategy-formulation framework is ________. 战略形成的框架结构中三个步骤是________。
a、the matching stage 匹配阶段
b、the decision stage 决策阶段
c、the input stage 准备(投入)阶段
d、the implementation stage 实施阶段
9、__________are included in the input stage of the strategy formulation framework. 下列属于战略准备(投入)阶段包含的分析工具有: 。
a、swot matrix
b、efe matrix
c、ife matrix
d、cpm matrix
10、__________are included in the matching stage of the strategy formulation framework. 下列属于战略匹配阶段包含的匹配工具有: 。
a、swot matrix
b、bcg matrix
c、ie matrix
d、space matrix
e、qspm matrix
11、strategic positions in space matrix : . space矩阵中包含的战略定位因素有: 。
a、financial position (fp) 企业财务状况
b、competitive position (cp) 企业竞争地位
c、stability position(sp) 宏观环境稳定性
d、industry position (ip) 行业发展状况
e、natural position (np) 自然环境状况
12、limitations of bcg matrix: . bcg矩阵的局限性包括下列: 。
a、oversimplification 过于简单化
b、a snapshot of an organization at a given point in time 静态的观测
c、focus on market-share position & industry growth rate 着重不同业务单元各自市场占有率情况和所处行业发展状况
d、other variables besides relative market share and industry growth rate in sales,which are important in making strategic decisions about various divisions,are not considered. 未考虑其他重要的影响战略决策的因素。
13、strategic management is not a box of tricks or a bundle of techniques. it is analytical thinking and commitment of resources to action. 战略管理并非是一个神奇的过程或仅仅是一系列技术工具,它是一个分析思考并利用资源采取行动的过程。
14、bcg matrix can enhance single-divisional firm in formulating strategies. bcg矩阵有助于具有单个业务单元的企业形成战略。
15、the internal-external matrix positions an organization’s various divisions in a nine-cell display. ie矩阵将一个企业的不同业务单元分为八个类别进行分析。
16、the only one analytical technique in the literature. quantitative strategic planning matrix is designed to finally determine the strategy (strategies) to pursue. 定量战略计划矩阵(qspm矩阵)是所学战略决策阶段的唯一分析工具。该分析工具能够完全决定最终选择的战略。
17、the qspm uses input ( critical success factors) from stage1 analyses and matching results from stage2 analyses to decide objectively among alternative strategies. qspm矩阵利用战略形成过程中第一阶段和第二阶段的分析结果来进行战略评价。
利用战略匹配及战略决策辅助工具帮助案例企业提出并选择战略1、1.利用战略匹配分析工具分析案例企业: 对第一次作业所选择的案例企业,利用swot矩阵对案例企业进行战略匹配分析,为战略决策做准备。 2.利用战略决策辅助工具进行决策: 为第一次作业的案例企业提出备选战略(公司层两个备选战略;业务层即竞争战略两个备选战略)来指导企业整体发展方向并应对竞争对手。然后,利用qspm矩阵对各层级的备选战略进行决策分析,依照分析结果最终为该企业选择不同层级战略。
第六章 企业战略实施ch6-1 企业战略实施的本质及作用随堂测验1、the strategic management process ends when the firm decides what strategy or strategies to pursue. 战略管理过程在企业决定了其将要实施的战略后就结束了。
2、there must be a translation of strategic thought into strategic action 战略思想必须有一个成为战略行动的转化过程。
3、formulation requires special motivational & leadership skills,implementation requires good intuitive & analytical skills. 战略形成阶段管理者需具备特别的领导力与激励能力,战略实施阶段管理者需具备良好的分析能力和直觉判断力。
ch6-2 企业战略实施--年度目标随堂测验1、purpose of annual objectives: . 年度目标在战略实施中的作用。
a、basis for resource allocation资源分配的基础
b、mechanism for management evaluation帮助建立起管理评估的机制
c、metric for gauging progress on long-term objectives衡量长期目标进展情况的度量标准
d、establish priorities (organizational, division, & departmental)为组织整体、业务单元或部门中的各项活动建立优先次序
2、annual objectives should be measurable, , , and clear. 企业年度目标制订的要求包括:可衡量性、 、 、 和清晰性。
a、challenging挑战性
b、reasonable合理性
c、special特殊性
d、持续性consistent
3、annual objectives are short-term milestones that organizations must achieve to reach long-term objectives. 年度目标是企业实现长期愿景的一个个短期里程碑。
ch6-3 企业战略实施--其他管理问题(1)随堂测验1、is the central management activity that allows for the execution of strategy. 是促使战略得以执行的中心管理活动。
a、making policies制定实施策略
b、allocating resource资源分配
c、organizing structure调整组织结构
d、managing conflict管理冲突
2、policies set : on the administrative actions. 政策的确立明确了管理行动的: 。
a、quantity数量
b、boundaries边界
c、constraints约束
d、limits限定
3、conflict management & resolution . 解决冲突的途径有: 。
a、avoidance回避
b、confrontation直面
c、defusion离解
d、educative change strategy教育与引导变革策略
4、conflict is disagreement between two more parties on one or more issues, and unavoidable in organizations. 冲突是各方在不同问题上的不同意见。冲突无法避免地存在于组织中。
ch6-3 企业战略实施--其他管理问题(2)随堂测验1、restructuring is reducing the size of the firm : –of to improve both efficiency and effectiveness. 结构重组是缩减企业规模,包括缩减 以提高效力和效率。
a、employees雇员数量
b、divisions业务部门
c、units业务单元
d、hierarchical levels管理层级
2、change raises anxiety and fear concerning: . 抗拒源于恐惧与焦虑,认为变革会带来: 。
a、economic loss利益减少或丧失
b、inconvenience不便利
c、break in status-quo惯例被打破
d、uncertainty不确定性
3、change strategies include: . 对抗拒变革的管理方法包括: 。
a、defusion离解
b、force change strategy强力推行的变革方法
c、educative change strategy教育与引导的变革方法
d、rational or self-interest change strategy 合理且照顾利益诉求的变革方法
4、modern view of structure & strategy: changes in strategy lead to changes in structure;structure can and does influence strategy. 战略与组织结构现代观点认为:战略变革一定会带来组织结构的变革;组织结构能够并确实会对战略产生影响。
5、reengineering is characterized by many short- term, business-function-specific strategic decisions优化调整业务流程,着重短期目标,涉及战略性决策。
6、resistance to change is the single greatest threat to successful strategy implementation抗拒变革是战略实施过程中单一最大的威胁.
第六单元测验1、which of these is true about strategy implementation? 下列哪项有关战略实施的表述是正确的
a、it is positioning forces before the action. 战略实施是在行动前部署力量。
b、it is primarily an operational process. 战略实施主要是一个运作过程。
c、it is primarily an intellectual process. 战略实施主要是一个智力过程。
d、it focuses on effectiveness. 战略实施主要聚焦于效力。
2、which term is best defined as a central management activity that allows for strategy execution? 下列哪项被称为战略行动过程中的中心管理活动最恰当?
a、establishing annual objectives 设定年度目标
b、matching structure with strategy 使组织结构适应企业战略
c、managing conflict 管理冲突
d、allocating resources 分配资源
3、a disagreement between two or more parties on one or more issues is called a(n) 对于一项或几项问题的不同意见一般可被称为:
a、conflict 冲突
b、integrated solution. 一体化k8凯发的解决方案
c、compromise 妥协
d、avoidance 避免
4、what action involves reconfiguring or redesigning work, jobs and processes for the purpose of improving costs, quality, service and speed? 下列哪个活动涉及到工作内容、流程的重新配置或设计,以使企业能够在成本与质量控制、提升服务和效率方面得到提升?
a、reengineering 流程再造
b、restructuring 结构重组
c、downsizing 规模缩减
d、delayering 减少层级
5、modern view of structure & strategy: changes in strategy lead to changes in structure;structure can and does influence strategy. 战略与组织结构现代观点认为:战略变革 带来组织结构的变革;组织结构能够并确实会对战略产生影响。
a、must 一定会
b、do not不会
c、possibly可能会
d、possibly do not 可能不会
6、purpose of annual objectives: . 年度目标在战略实施中的作用。
a、basis for resource allocation资源分配的基础
b、mechanism for management evaluation帮助建立起管理评估的机制
c、metric for gauging progress on long-term objectives衡量长期目标进展情况的度量标准
d、establish priorities (organizational, division, & departmental)为组织整体、业务单元或部门中的各项活动建立优先次序
7、annual objectives should be measurable, , , and clear. 企业年度目标制订的要求包括:可衡量性、 、 、 和清晰性。
a、challenging挑战性
b、reasonable合理性
c、special特殊性
d、持续性consistent
8、policies set : on the administrative actions. 政策的确立明确了管理行动的: 。
a、quantity数量
b、boundaries边界
c、constraints约束
d、limits限定
9、conflict management & resolution . 解决冲突的途径有: 。
a、avoidance回避
b、confrontation直面
c、defusion离解
d、educative change strategy教育与引导变革策略
10、change raises anxiety and fear concerning: . 抗拒源于恐惧与焦虑,认为变革会带来: 。
a、economic loss利益减少或丧失
b、inconvenience不便利
c、break in status-quo惯例被打破
d、uncertainty不确定性
11、successful strategy formulation can guarantee successful strategy implementation. 成功的战略形成可以确保战略实施的成功。
12、the strategic management process ends when the firm decides what strategy or strategies to pursue. 战略管理过程在企业决定了其将要实施的战略后就结束了。
13、there must be a translation of strategic thought into strategic action 战略思想必须有一个成为战略行动的转化过程。
14、formulation requires special motivational & leadership skills,implementation requires good intuitive & analytical skills. 战略形成阶段管理者需具备特别的领导力与激励能力,战略实施阶段管理者需具备良好的分析能力和直觉判断力。
15、annual objectives are short-term milestones that organizations must achieve to reach long-term objectives. 年度目标是企业实现长期愿景的一个个短期里程碑。
16、conflict is disagreement between two more parties on one or more issues, and unavoidable in organizations. 冲突是各方在不同问题上的不同意见。冲突无法避免地存在于组织中。
17、restructuring is characterized by strategic (long-term, affecting all business functions) decisions 结构重组是涉及长远目标,影响整个企业的战略性决策。
18、resistance to change is the single greatest threat to successful strategy implementation抗拒变革是战略实施过程中单一的最大威胁。
第七章 企业战略评估与控制ch7-1 企业战略评估与控制--本质和作用随堂测验1、which of these is the first step of strategy evaluation? 战略评估的第一个步骤是:
a、examine the underlying bases of a firm's strategy 评价企业战略的环境基础
b、compare expected to actual results 对照计划目标分析实际绩效
c、dentify corrective actions to ensure that performance conforms to plans 采取行动,修订战略或修正战略执行中的行为
d、measuring organizational performance 度量组织绩效
2、why strategy evaluation & control is needed ? 企业为何需要战略的评价与控制?
a、strategies become obsolete 已经制订或实施的战略可能不适合当前情况了
b、internal environments are dynamic 企业内部环境在不断变化
c、success today is guarantee of success tomorrow. 今天 的成功可以保证在明天延续下去
d、external environments are dynamic 企业外部环境在不断变化
3、rummelt’s criteria for evaluating strategy: 鲁梅尔特的战略评价原则包括:
a、advantage 优势性
b、consistency 一致性
c、feasibility 可行性
d、consonance 协调性
ch7-2 企业战略评估与控制--方法与工具(1)随堂测验1、measuring organizational performance, managers need to compare expected to actual results, and 衡量企业实际绩效管理者需要比较实际绩效与计划目标,以及
a、develop revised ife matrix 校订 ife 矩阵
b、utilize the efe、ife matrix which developed already. 利用之前已经分析过的 efe 、ife矩阵
c、develop revised efe matrix 校订 efe 矩阵
d、investigate deviations from plan调查绩效偏离计划的原因
2、review of underlying bases of strategy includes 重新对企业内、外部环境进行评价分析包括:
a、develop revised efe matrix 校订 efe 矩阵
b、develop revised ife matrix 校订 ife 矩阵
c、utilizing the ife matrix which developed already. 利用之前已经分析过的 ife 矩阵
d、utilizing the efe matrix which developed already. 利用之前已经分析过的 efe 矩阵
3、final strategy-evaluation activity, requires making changes to reposition a firm competitively for the future 战略评价与控制的最后一个环节,需要进行改变为将来企业竞争重新定位
ch7-2 企业战略评估与控制--方法与工具(2)随堂测验1、who developed the balanced scorecard 谁开发出平衡计分卡
a、david norton戴维·诺顿
b、robert s. kaplan 罗伯特·卡普兰
c、igor ansoff 伊戈尔·安索夫
d、alfred dupont chandler 阿尔弗雷德·钱德勒
2、balanced scorecard evaluate strategies from__________ perspectives: 平衡记分卡从哪些方面对企业进行评估
a、financial performance
b、customer knowledge
c、internal business processes
d、learning & growth
3、the balanced score card approach to strategy evaluation aims to balance long-term with short-term concerns; to balance financial with nonfinancial concerns; and to balance internal with external concerns 平衡计分卡战略评价方法旨在平衡长期与短期目标、平衡财务与非财务问题、平衡企业内部与外部的关切
第七单元测验1、which of these is the first step of strategy evaluation? 战略评估的第一个步骤是:
a、reviewing the underlying internal and external factors that represent the bases of current strategies 重新评估当前战略的执行基础---企业内、外部因素
b、measuring organizational performance 度量组织绩效
c、taking corrective actions 采取修正行动
d、comparing real performance with organizational gals 将实际绩效与计划目标相比较
2、all of these are richard rumelt's criteria to evaluate a strategy except: 下列哪个不是理查德 鲁梅尔特提出的战略评估准则
a、advantage 优势性
b、consistency 连贯性
c、feasibility 可行性
d、distinctiveness 独特性
3、measuring organizational performance, managers need to compare expected to actual results, and . 衡量企业实际绩效管理者需要比较实际绩效与计划目标,以及 。
a、develop revised ife matrix 校订 ife 矩阵
b、utilize the efe、ife matrix which developed already. 利用之前已经分析过的 efe 、ife矩阵
c、develop revised efe matrix 校订 efe 矩阵
d、investigate deviations from plan调查绩效偏离计划的原因
4、balanced scorecard evaluate strategies from 4 perspectives, except:______ 下列不属于平衡记分卡4个评价内容的是
a、financial performance 财务方面
b、macro-economic situation 宏观经济方面
c、learning & growth 学习与发展方面
d、internal business processes 内部业务流程方面
5、why strategy evaluation & control is needed ? 企业为何需要战略的评价与控制?
a、strategies become obsolete 已经制订或实施的战略可能不适合当前情况了
b、internal environments are dynamic 企业内部环境在不断变化
c、success today is guarantee of success tomorrow. 今天 的成功可以保证在明天延续下去
d、external environments are dynamic 企业外部环境在不断变化
6、review of underlying bases of strategy includes 重新对企业内、外部环境进行评价分析包括:
a、develop revised efe matrix 校订 efe 矩阵
b、develop revised ife matrix 校订 ife 矩阵
c、utilizing the ife matrix which developed already. 利用之前已经分析过的 ife 矩阵
d、utilizing the efe matrix which developed already. 利用之前已经分析过的 efe 矩阵
7、who developed the balanced scorecard 谁开发出平衡计分卡
a、david norton戴维·诺顿
b、robert s. kaplan 罗伯特·卡普兰
c、igor ansoff 伊戈尔·安索夫
d、alfred dupont chandler 阿尔弗雷德·钱德勒
8、balanced scorecard evaluate strategies from__________ perspectives: 平衡记分卡从哪些方面对企业进行评估
a、financial performance财务方面
b、customer knowledge顾客认知
c、internal business processes内部业务流程
d、learning & growth学习与成长
e、competitive advantage竞争优势
9、final strategy-evaluation activity, requires making changes to reposition a firm competitively for the future. 战略评价与控制的最后一个环节,需要进行改变为将来企业竞争重新定位。
10、the balanced score card approach to strategy evaluation aims to balance long-term with short-term concerns; to balance financial with nonfinancial concerns; and to balance internal with external concerns. 平衡计分卡战略评价方法旨在平衡长期与短期目标、平衡财务与非财务问题、平衡企业内部与外部的关切。
11、the learning & growth perspective in the balanced score card is foundation of any strategy and focuses on the tangible assets of an organization. 平衡计分卡中学习与成长方面是企业采取任何战略的基础,它聚焦于企业的有形资产方面。
战略管理课程期末考试期末考试1、the prescriptive, deliberate or planned approach views strategic management as a ___________. 计划学派认为战略管理过程是一个:____________。
a、highly systematized process 高度系统化的过程
b、deterministic process 确定性过程
c、highly systematized and deterministic process 高度系统化和确定性的过程
d、consistent pattern of behaviour 持续的行为模式
2、what are the three stages of the strategic management process?____________. 战略管理过程的三个阶段分别是:____________。
a、conflict, resolution and implementation 战略冲突、解决和实施
b、formulation, implementation,evaluation & control 战略形成、实施和评估与控制
c、formulation, execution and reward 战略形成、评估和回报
d、formulation, implementation and resolution 战略形成、实施和问题的解决
3、for an organization, the goal of strategic management is to . 企业进行战略管理目的是: 。
a、achieve competitive advantage 获取竞争优势
b、maintain competitive advantage 保持竞争优势
c、eliminate competitive advantage 限制竞争优势
d、achieve and maintain competitive advantage 获取并保持竞争优势
4、three important book of michael e porter :competitive strategy:techniques for analyzing industries and competitors;the competitive advantage of nations and . 迈克尔. 波特 的“战略三部曲”是:竞争战略:行业和竞争对手分析法;国家竞争优势;以及 。
a、竞争优势:创造并保持优秀绩效 competitive advantage:creating and sustaining superior performance
b、公司战略 corporate strategy
c、企业资源基础论 resource-based view of the firm
d、行业的作用有多大? how much does industrry matter?
5、military strategy is based on an assumption of __________, whereas business strategy is based on an assumption of __________. 军事战略的基础假设是: ____________;而企业战略的基础假设是:____________。
a、conflict; cooperation 冲突;合作
b、cooperation; conflict 合作;冲突
c、conflict; competition 冲突;竞争
d、competition; conflict 竞争;冲突
6、the purpose of the mission statement is to communicate to _________. 企业使命陈述的目的是与 进行沟通。
a、all shareholders 所有股东
b、all stakeholders 所有利益相关者
c、managers 管理人员
d、employees 雇员
7、it is the _________who determines what a business is. _________最终决定了一家企业是个什么企业?
a、president 企业的总经理
b、stakeholder 股企业的股东
c、ceo 企业的首席执行官
d、customer 企业的顾客
8、what the customer buys and considers value is always________. 顾客认定及购买的价值永远是________。
a、price (产品/服务的)价格
b、utility (产品/服务的)效用
c、technology (产品/服务的)技术
d、function (产品/服务的)功能
9、which one of the following is the best answer for the question “what do we want to become?” 下列对于“我们想要成为什么企业”最好的回答是:
a、mission statement 使命陈述
b、annual report 企业年报
c、vision statement 愿景陈述
d、funtional level strategy 职能战略
10、a mission statement should to reconcile differences among an organization's various stakeholders. 企业使命陈述内容应该 ,这样才能调和企业各个利益相关者的不同关切。
a、be broad enough 足够宽泛
b、be narrow enough 足够狭窄
c、be short 简略
d、be focused 足够专注某领域
11、financial crisis that reverberated around the world is belong to: . 肆虐全球的金融危机属于以下哪类因素: 。
a、near environments’ factors 企业的“近”环境因素
b、internal environments’ factors 企业的内部环境因素
c、industrial factors 行业环境因素
d、far environments’ factors 企业的“远”环境因素
12、which of the following choices does not belong to industry properties_________? 以下哪个选项不属于行业特征:
a、economies of scale 规模经济
b、barriers to market entry 市场进入壁垒
c、a firm’s core competence 一家企业的核心能力
d、level of competitiveness 企业间竞争激烈程度
13、when an industry relies heavily on government contracts, ______ forecasts can be the most important part of an external audit. 当一个行业严重依赖政府订单时,外部环境分析中对______的预判是最为重要的 。
a、economic 经济
b、political,govermental 政治、政府
c、technological 技术
d、multinational 跨国
14、according to porter, ________is usually the most powerful of the five competitive forces. 按照波特的观点, ________是五种力量中最具影响的因素。
a、rivalry among competing firms 行业内企业间的竞争
b、potential entry of new competitors 潜在的新进入者
c、bargaining power of consumers 顾客的议价能力
d、bargaining power of suppliers 供应商的议价能力
15、strategic groups of firms within an industry follow ___________strategies or have very ___________ dimensions. 行业里同一战略集团中的企业往往采取___________ 战略或拥有___________ 维度。
a、the same ;similar 相同的;相近的
b、different ;different 不同的;不同的
c、the same ; different 相同的;不同的
d、different; similar 不同的;近似的
16、which one of the following is tangible resource? 下列哪项是有形资源:
a、technological resources 技术资源
b、reputation 商誉
c、financial resources 财务资源
d、brand name 品牌
17、if a business and its competitor has the same “s” and the same cost of the first unit ,the business should . 如果某企业与其竞争对手具有相同的初始单位产品成本和相同的学习率,则该企业应该
a、improving personnel learning & supervisory learning 提升个人学习能力和监督学习的工作
b、finding better processes and being faster to implement them 找到更好的业务流程并先于对手实施
c、starting production behind its competitors 晚于对手生产
d、starting production ahead of its competitors 先于对手生产
18、in the formula , represents: 在公式中,代表了:
a、the theoretical labor hours/costs required to build the first unit produced 理论上生产第一件产品所耗费的工时或成本
b、the labor hours required to build unit #n 第n件产工时品所需工时
c、the rate of learning 学习率
d、the number (count) of an item in the production sequence 生产序列中一个项目的序号
19、technological advancements can create new competitive advantages that ______ existing advantages. 技术进步为企业带来的新竞争优势与已存在优势相比会: 。
a、are not as powerful as 不如已经存在的优势影响力
b、are as powerful as 与已经存在的优势影响力相同
c、are less powerful than 影响力小于已经存在的优势
d、are more powerful than 更强于已经存在的优势影响力
20、what is the range for a firm’s total weighted score in an external factor evaluation matrix? (efe matrix) 在外部因素评价矩阵(efe矩阵)中总加权分值的取值范围是:
a、0 to 5
b、0 to 3
c、1 to 4
d、0 to 4
21、if a firm’s total weighted score is 1.6 in an ife matrix, it indicates that ___________ 如果在内部环境评价矩阵中一个企业的总加权分值为1.6,则说明___________
a、the firm is being weak internally 该企业内部处于弱势状态
b、the firm is being a strong internal position 该企业内部处于强势状态
c、the firm’s response is outstanding to threats and weaknesses 该企业很好地应对了威胁和弱点
d、the firm’s strategies is not capitalizing on opportunities or avoiding threats 该企业现行战略没有很好地抓住机会或规避威胁
22、a firm directs its resources to the profitable growth of a single product, in a single market, with a single dominant technology. the firm pursues___________strategy. 某企业力图利用自身单一性主导技术,在单一市场将其资源投入到单一产品的发展以获得利润增长。这家企业采取的是___________战略。
a、horizontal integration 水平一体化
b、diversification 多元化
c、concentration 专一化(集中生产单一产品)
d、vertical integration 纵向一体化
23、when a chinsee company first begins to export to india, it is an example of______ intensive strategy. 一家中国企业第一次将其产品出口到印度市场,这是加强型战略中______战略的一个例证。
a、market penetration 市场渗透
b、market development 市场开拓
c、product development 产品开发
d、forward integration 前向一体化
24、if a firm’s present suppliers are expensive and unreliable in meeting the firm’s needs for parts, components and/or raw materials, it should pursue a ___________strategy. 一家企业的供应商如果在提供的原材料、零部件等方面价格高昂并且难以稳定依赖,则这家企业应该采取___________战略。
a、horizontal integration 横向一体化
b、concentration 专一化
c、forward integration 前向一体化
d、backward integration 后向一体化
25、__________ is effective when the stockholders of a firm can minimize their losses by selling the organization’s assets. __________战略在通过变卖企业资产而减少股东损失方面是有效的。
a、differentiation 差异化
b、liquidation 清算
c、integration 一体化
d、diversification 多元化
26、joint venture is a strategic alliance in which two or more firms create to share some of their resources and capabilities to develop a competitive advantage. 合资企业是指这样一种战略联盟:由两家或多家企业共同出资创立 来分享彼此的资源与能力,从而产生出竞争优势。
a、a legally non-independent company 一家非独立法人企业
b、a public company 一家公众企业(上市公司)
c、a legally independent company 一家独立法人企业
d、a private comoany 一家私营企业(非上市公司)
27、according to porter:a firm that engages in and differentiation strategy but fails to achieve any of them is “ stuck in the middle”. it possesses no competitive advantage. 波特认为如果一个企业同时采用 和差异化战略而哪一个都没有实现,则该企业会被“困在其中”。企业不会有竞争优势。
a、costleadership 成本领先
b、diversification 多元化
c、integration 一体化
d、concentation 专一化
28、which of the following tools is not in the matching stage________. 下列哪个分析工具 不属于战略形成中的匹配阶段:________。
a、swot matrix
b、cpm
c、space matrix
d、bcg matrix
29、improving internal weaknesses by taking advantage of external opportunities is ______strategies. 利用外部机会改善内部缺陷属于swot中 ______战略组合。
a、st
b、wt
c、so
d、wo
30、if a financially strong firm that has achieved major competitive advantages in a growing and stable industry, the firm’s directional vector should be located in the ________quadrant of space matrix. 如果一个财务状况良好且具有明显竞争优势的企业,处在一个发展良好且稳定的行业中,那么表示该企业的向量应落在space矩阵中的 ________象限。
a、competitive 竞争
b、conservative 保守
c、aggressive 进取
d、defensive 防御
31、which of following strategies is an attractive strategy for a cash cow division? ________ 下列哪个战略适合现金牛类的业务单元: ________
a、product development 产品开发策略
b、maitain strategy 维持策略
c、market penetration 市场渗透策略
d、market development 市场开拓策略
32、divestiture is one of alternative strategies in the quadrant of space matrix. 剥离战略是战略定位及行为评价矩阵中 象限的一个备选战略。
a、conservative 保守
b、aggressive 进取
c、defensive 防御
d、competitive 竞争
33、if a division has high relative market share and competes in a high-growth industry, the division is a business in the bcg matrix. 如果某业务单元具有高相对市场占有率且处于一个高成长的行业,这该业务单元属于bcg矩阵中 类业务。
a、dogs瘦狗类业务
b、cash cows现金牛类业务
c、stars明星类业务
d、question marks问题类业务
34、the attractiveness score of an alternative strategy "3" means the strategy is . 备选战略的吸引力分值是“3”则意味着该战略 。
a、not attractive没有吸引力
b、somewhat attractive有一些吸引力
c、reasonably attractive有相当的吸引力
d、highly attractive非常具有吸引力
35、which of these is true about strategy implementation? 下列哪项有关战略实施的表述是正确的
a、it is positioning forces before the action. 战略实施是在行动前部署力量。
b、it is primarily an operational process. 战略实施主要是一个运作过程。
c、it is primarily an intellectual process. 战略实施主要是一个智力过程。
d、it focuses on effectiveness. 战略实施主要聚焦于效力。
36、which term is best defined as a central management activity that allows for strategy execution? 下列哪项被称为战略行动过程中的中心管理活动最恰当?
a、establishing annual objectives 设定年度目标
b、matching structure with strategy 使组织结构适应企业战略
c、managing conflict 管理冲突
d、allocating resources 分配资源
37、a disagreement between two or more parties on one or more issues is called a(n) 对于一项或几项问题的不同意见一般可被称为:
a、conflict 冲突
b、integrated solution. 一体化k8凯发的解决方案
c、compromise 妥协
d、avoidance 避免
38、what action involves reconfiguring or redesigning work, jobs and processes for the purpose of improving costs, quality, service and speed? 下列哪个活动涉及到工作内容、流程的重新配置或设计,以使企业能够在成本与质量控制、提升服务和效率方面得到提升?
a、reengineering 流程再造
b、restructuring 结构重组
c、downsizing 规模缩减
d、delayering 减少层级
39、modern view of structure & strategy: changes in strategy lead to changes in structure;structure can and does influence strategy. 战略与组织结构现代观点认为:战略变革 带来组织结构的变革;组织结构能够并确实会对战略产生影响。
a、must 一定会
b、do not不会
c、possibly可能会
d、possibly do not 可能不会
40、which of these is the first step of strategy evaluation? 战略评估的第一个步骤是:
a、reviewing the underlying internal and external factors that represent the bases of current strategies 重新评估当前战略的执行基础---企业内、外部因素
b、measuring organizational performance 度量组织绩效
c、taking corrective actions 采取修正行动
d、comparing real performance with organizational gals 将实际绩效与计划目标相比较
41、all of these are richard rumelt's criteria to evaluate a strategy except: 下列哪个不是理查德 鲁梅尔特提出的战略评估准则
a、advantage 优势性
b、consistency 连贯性
c、feasibility 可行性
d、distinctiveness 独特性
42、measuring organizational performance, managers need to compare expected to actual results, and . 衡量企业实际绩效管理者需要比较实际绩效与计划目标,以及 。
a、develop revised ife matrix 校订 ife 矩阵
b、utilize the efe、ife matrix which developed already. 利用之前已经分析过的 efe 、ife矩阵
c、develop revised efe matrix 校订 efe 矩阵
d、investigate deviations from plan调查绩效偏离计划的原因
43、balanced scorecard evaluate strategies from 4 perspectives, except:______ 下列不属于平衡记分卡4个评价内容的是
a、financial performance 财务方面
b、macro-economic situation 宏观经济方面
c、learning & growth 学习与发展方面
d、internal business processes 内部业务流程方面
44、limitation of the planning approach: . 古典战略管理理论的局限性主要有: 。
a、the management process must be opreated from top to the bottom of a firm; organizational stracture always takes a very passive role in the relationship between stracture and strategy. 战略是自上而下的;组织结构只能被动追随战略。
b、being unrealistic, particularly in times of rapid and turbulent change. 在环境出现剧烈和快速动荡时,该战略会变得不现实。
c、competitive advantage can be gained by being opportunistic and taking advantage of unforeseen opportunities. 企业内部资源与外部机会被动的匹配,忽视了竞争优势也可以源自抓住未被预见的机遇。
d、too narrow view of strategy,and the highly systematized and deterministic process become rigid. 视野过于狭窄,程式化战略过于僵化。
45、valuable resources /competences must be: ; ;and . 有价值的资源或能力必须是: ; ;和 。
a、easy to learn易于学习的
b、rare稀缺的
c、hard to imitate难于模仿的
d、not easily substitutable不易被替代的
46、characteristics of a mission statement:______;______;and ______. 企业使命特征包括:______;______;和______。
a、detail plans of allocating resources 详细的资源分配规划
b、a declaration of attitude 存在的目的或意义的宣称
c、a customer orientation 以顾客为导向所从事事业领域的说明
d、a declaration of social policy 经营活动中的基本行为准则和原则
47、a good mission statement should :______;______;_______;and distinguish a firm from all others. 良好的使命陈述应该做到:_______;_______;_______;以及,使得本企业与其他企业相区别。
a、define what the organization is 定义企业
b、limit to exclude some ventures 限制盲目的冒险行为
c、be broad enough to allow for growth 足够宽泛,为企业未来发展留出空间
d、detail plans of allocating resources 详细的资源分配规划
48、shared vision and mission could: creating commonality of interests; ; ; effectively motivating a workforce; and . 能在组织中有效分享的愿景与使命可以:带来共同利益; ; ; 有效激励全体员工;以及 。
a、providing opportunity & challenge 给未来发展提供了机遇与挑战
b、create a good public image 建立良好的公众形象
c、improving finacial performace immediately 立即提升财务绩效
d、reducing daily monotony 减少日常工作中的单调乏味
49、utility means what does for a customer. 效用对顾客而言是 。
a、the price of goods商品价格
b、the value of goods商品价值
c、a product 产品
d、or service服务
50、environmental analysis includes : , and . 环境分析包含的两大类别是 , 和 。
a、external audit 外部审计(外部环境分析)
b、fiancical audit 财务审计
c、information analysis 信息分析
d、internal assessment 内部条件评价
51、competitors analysis model includes:objective of competitors; ; ;and . 竞争对手分析模型包括以下哪些方面的分析:竞争对手的目标; ; ;和 。
a、hypothesis of competitors 竞争对手的假设
b、current strategies of competitors 竞争对手的现行战略
c、competences of competitors 竞争对手的能力
d、products of competitors 竞争对手生产的产品
52、primary activities iinclude: inbound logistics ; ; ; marketing & sales and . 价值链的基本活动包括:进货(进料)后勤; ; ; 营销;和 。
a、service 服务
b、outbound logistics 出货后勤
c、operations 生产运作
d、procurement 采购
53、according to prahalad and hamel: three tests to identify core competence . 普拉哈拉德和哈默尔认为核心能力的三个检验标准分别是: 。
a、being difficult for competitors to imitate 独树一帜难于被对手模仿的能力
b、adding greater customer value 增加顾客价值
c、reducing costs rapidly 大幅降低成本
d、equiping a business with ability to enter and successfully compete in several markets 使得企业具备成功进入不同领域、不同市场环境的能力。
54、david collins & cynthia motgomery argue that , ,and of resources create value. 大卫.科利斯和辛西娅.蒙哥马利认为资源的 , ,和 创造了价值。
a、scarcity 稀缺性
b、demands 需求性
c、consistancy 一致性
d、appropriability 可占有性
55、which of the following are activities of firm's infrastructure: ; ; and . 下列活动中哪些属于价值链支持性活动中的企业基础设施 ; ; 和 。
a、general management activities 一般性管理活动
b、marketing& sales management activities 营销管理活动
c、finance management activities 财务管理活动
d、legal, government affairs 相关法律、政府等事宜
56、three broad ways that clusters affect competition: _________;_________and ________. 战略集群影响竞争的三个主要方面是:_________;_________和_________。
a、bringing leaveing barriers to the area 带来了退出壁垒
b、increasing the productivity of companies based in the area 提升了区域内企业的生产率
c、driving the direction and pace of innovation 引领了创新方向,加快创新步伐
d、stimulating the formation of new businesses within the cluster 刺激集群内新企业的形成
57、there are three activities in the internal analysis process:___________ 企业内部环境分析包含三项活动:___________
a、resources, capabilities/competencies,core competencies analysis 企业内部资源,能力及核心能力分析
b、competitor analysis 企业竞争对手分析
c、value chain analysis 企业价值链分析
d、comparative analysis 对比分析
58、learning rate is not useful when ___________ 下列何种情况下学习效应不起作用?
a、each item produced is significantly different from the preceding item 企业生产的每一个项目均存在巨大差异
b、rules & regulations limit the production rate 相关法律法规限制企业的产量
c、there is almost no way to improve the production rate 几乎没有从量的积累中改进提高生产率的余地
d、production is sporadic ;production quantities are very small 产量非常少;生产过于零星
59、types of strategic alliance include: and . 战略联盟的两大类别是 和 。
a、integration alliance 一体化联盟
b、equity strategic alliance 涉及资产的战略联盟
c、diversification alliance 多元化联盟
d、non-equity strategic alliance 不涉及资产的战略联盟
60、ways of ensuring total costs across value chain are lower than competitors’ total costs: and . 确保自身价值链活动导致的总成本低于竞争对手的两大途径是: 和 。
a、revamp the firm’s overall value chain to eliminate or bypass some cost-producing activities. 改进企业整个价值链,以剔除或避开某些带来成本的活动。
b、creating products which are superior to competitors by virtue of design, technology, performance etc. 通过良好的设计、先进技术和优异性能,为顾客带来超越竞争对手的产品。
c、offering superior after sales service. 为顾客提供卓越的k8凯发的售后服务。
d、performing value chain activities more efficiently than rivals and control factors that drive costs. 比竞争对手更有效率地运行价值链活动,并控制导致成本上升的各类因素。
61、differentiation can be especially effective when: . 以下是差异化战略有效条件的包括: 。
a、there are many ways to differentiate and many buyers, who are price-insensitive, and perceive the value of the differences. 目标顾客多为非价格敏感型并关注差异化的价值,同时存在多种差异化途径。
b、few rival firms are following a similar differentiation approach. 极少对手企业采用同样的差异化方法。
c、buyer needs and uses are diverse. 购买者对商品或服务的需求和用途各不相同。
d、technology change is fast paced and competition revolves around evolving product features. 技术变化步伐加快,竞争对手间竞争主要围绕如何培育出产品的特色。
62、cost leadership can be especially effective when: . 下列哪些条件下成本领先战略是有效的: 。
a、the market is composed of many price-sensitive buyers and the price competition among rivals is vigorous. 市场上充斥的是价格敏感型的顾客;对手间价格竞争日趋激烈。
b、rival’s products are identical and supplies are readily available. 产品与竞争对手趋同,且所需投入品易从上游供应商那里获取。
c、there are few ways to achieve differentiation. 很难有形成差异化的途径。
d、most buyers use the product in the same way. 产品的用途对大多数顾客一致。
63、the second stage of comprehensive strategy-formulation framework is ________. 战略形成的框架结构中三个步骤是________。
a、the matching stage 匹配阶段
b、the decision stage 决策阶段
c、the input stage 准备(投入)阶段
d、the implementation stage 实施阶段
64、________are included in the input stage of the strategy formulation framework. 下列属于战略准备(投入)阶段包含的分析工具有: 。
a、swot matrix
b、efe matrix
c、ife matrix
d、cpm matrix
65、__________are included in the matching stage of the strategy formulation framework. 下列属于战略匹配阶段包含的匹配工具有: 。
a、swot matrix
b、bcg matrix
c、ie matrix
d、qspm matrix
66、strategic positions in space matrix : . space矩阵中包含的战略定位因素有: 。
a、financial position (fp) 企业财务状况
b、competitive position (cp) 企业竞争地位
c、stability position(sp) 宏观环境稳定性
d、industry position (ip) 行业发展状况
67、limitations of bcg matrix: . bcg矩阵的局限性包括下列: 。
a、other variables besides relative market share and industry growth rate in sales,which are important in making strategic decisions about various divisions,are not considered. 未考虑其他重要的影响战略决策的因素。
b、focus on market-share position & industry growth rate 着重不同业务单元各自市场占有率情况和所处行业发展状况
c、a snapshot of an organization at a given point in time 静态的观测
d、oversimplification 过于简单化
68、purpose of annual objectives: . 年度目标在战略实施中的作用: 。
a、basis for resource allocation资源分配的基础
b、mechanism for management evaluation帮助建立起管理评估的机制
c、metric for gauging progress on long-term objectives衡量长期目标进展情况的度量标准
d、establish priorities (organizational, division, & departmental)为组织整体、业务单元或部门中的各项活动建立优先次序
69、annual objectives should be measurable, , , and clear. 企业年度目标制订的要求包括:可衡量性、 、 、 和清晰性。
a、challenging挑战性
b、reasonable合理性
c、special特殊性
d、持续性consistent
70、policies set : on the administrative actions. 政策的确立明确了管理行动的: 。
a、quantity数量
b、boundaries边界
c、constraints约束
d、limits限定
71、conflict management & resolution : . 解决冲突的途径有: 。
a、avoidance回避
b、confrontation直面
c、defusion离解
d、educative change strategy教育与引导变革策略
72、change raises anxiety and fear concerning: . 抗拒源于恐惧与焦虑,认为变革会带来: 。
a、economic loss利益减少或丧失
b、inconvenience不便利
c、break in status-quo惯例被打破
d、uncertainty不确定性
73、why strategy evaluation & control is needed ? 企业为何需要战略的评价与控制?
a、strategies become obsolete 已经制订或实施的战略可能不适合当前情况了
b、internal environments are dynamic 企业内部环境在不断变化
c、success today is guarantee of success tomorrow. 今天 的成功可以保证在明天延续下去
d、external environments are dynamic 企业外部环境在不断变化
74、review of underlying bases of strategy includes 重新对企业内、外部环境进行评价分析包括:
a、develop revised efe matrix 校订 efe 矩阵
b、develop revised ife matrix 校订 ife 矩阵
c、utilizing the ife matrix which developed already. 利用之前已经分析过的 ife 矩阵
d、utilizing the efe matrix which developed already. 利用之前已经分析过的 efe 矩阵
75、who developed the balanced scorecard 谁开发出平衡计分卡
a、david norton戴维·诺顿
b、robert s. kaplan 罗伯特·卡普兰
c、igor ansoff 伊戈尔·安索夫
d、alfred dupont chandler 阿尔弗雷德·钱德勒
76、balanced scorecard evaluate strategies from__________ perspectives: 平衡记分卡从哪些方面对企业进行评估
a、financial performance财务方面
b、customer knowledge顾客认知
c、internal business processes内部业务流程
d、learning & growth学习与成长
77、strategy evaluation and control process is necessary because internal and external factors are constantly changing. 战略评估与控制过程之所以必不可少,是因为企业内、外部环境在持续的变化。
78、resource/competence based approach argues that competitive advantage arises from an organization’s external environment rather than from internally developed core competence . 资源/能力学派辩称竞争优势来源于组织的外部环境而非组织内部培育的核心能力。
79、strategic management achieves a firm’s success through integration differernt management activities, and is a highly interactive process. 战略管理通过整合各种不同企业经营管理活动使企业获得成功,是一个高度交互的过程。
80、clear vision & mission are needed before alternative strategies can be formulated and implemented. 清晰的企业愿景与使命需要在形成及实施备选战略之前就建立起来。
81、participation from diverse managers is not important in developing a firm's vision and mission. 不同管理者的参与在构建企业愿景使命过程中并不重要。
82、a vision statement answers the question, "what is our business?" 愿景陈述回答了“我们是一家什么企业”的问题。
83、the five influences--spent are often interlinked. 外部环境中主要的五大类影响因素之间是彼此联系相互影响的。
84、value is the amount buyers are willing to pay for what a firm provides them. 价值指的是购买者愿意为企业的提供品所付出的代价。
85、vca can enable a firm to identify its own strengths and weaknesses. it is not necessery to compare a firm's vc competitors’ vc. 企业价值链分析可以使其认识到自身的优势和劣势,所以没有必要将自身价值链与竞争对手的价值链进行对比。
86、according to porter: technology development is important to competitive advantage in all industry. 按照波特所言,技术开发对于所有行业的企业获取竞争优势都是重要的。
87、for economies of scale, the cost per unit depends on size of the individual firm; learn curve does necessarily depend on size of the individual firm. 对于规模效应而言,单位成本取决于企业的自身规模;学习效应则与企业自身规模同样有直接关系。
88、managers need to identify the activities that are critical to buyer satisfaction and market success, especially the activities that differentiate the firm form others. 管理者需要着重确认能够满足顾客并区别于对手的价值活动。
89、the impact of natural events upon business activity can be very powerful and difficult to predict or avoid. 自然环境因素对于企业的影响是巨大而难于避免和预测的。
90、external audit is to develop an exhaustive list of every possible factor that could influence the business. 企业外部宏观环境分析需要列出对企业当前及未来产生影响的所有因素。
91、strengths and weaknesses are determined relative to competitors. 企业自身的优势或劣势是相对于竞争对手而言的。
92、concerned with the scope of the strategy,use differentiation or cost leadership in narrow scope – segment or niche. 集中化战略(又被称为:聚焦战略、专一战略、利基市场战略),是企业集中力量为某一特定的细分市场提供产品和服务,或重点经营某类产品的特定部分、特定的市场层面,利用差异化或成本领先在某一局部建立竞争优势的战略。
93、hybrid strategy:engaging in each generic strategy to achieving cost leadership and differentiation. 最优成本供应商战略(混合型战略):低成本地提供优秀的差异化产品(服务),然后利用成本优势制定比竞争产品更低的价格,通过为买方提供超值价值来建立竞争优势的战略。
94、diversification strategies may be risky, and require that an organization has the capital and managerial talent to compete successfully in a new industry. 多元化战略风险较高,要求企业具备在新行业领域竞争所需的资金、管理人才及能力等条件。
95、strategic management is not a box of tricks or a bundle of techniques. it is analytical thinking and commitment of resources to action. 战略管理并非是一个神奇的过程或仅仅是一系列技术工具,它是一个分析思考并利用资源采取行动的过程。
96、bcg matrix can enhance single-divisional firm in formulating strategies. bcg矩阵有助于具有单个业务单元的企业形成战略。
97、the internal-external matrix positions an organization’s various divisions in a nine-cell display. ie矩阵将一个企业的不同业务单元分为八个类别进行分析。
98、the only one analytical technique in the literature. quantitative strategic planning matrix is designed to finally determine the strategy (strategies) to pursue. 定量战略计划矩阵(qspm矩阵)是所学战略决策阶段的唯一分析工具。该分析工具能够完全决定最终选择的战略。
99、the qspm uses input ( critical success factors) from stage1 analyses and matching results from stage2 analyses to decide objectively among alternative strategies. qspm矩阵利用战略形成过程中第一阶段和第二阶段的分析结果来进行战略评价。
100、successful strategy formulation can guarantee successful strategy implementation. 成功的战略形成可以确保战略实施的成功。
101、the strategic management process ends when the firm decides what strategy or strategies to pursue. 战略管理过程在企业决定了其将要实施的战略后就结束了。
102、there must be a translation of strategic thought into strategic action 战略思想必须有一个成为战略行动的转化过程。
103、formulation requires special motivational & leadership skills,implementation requires good intuitive & analytical skills. 战略形成阶段管理者需具备特别的领导力与激励能力,战略实施阶段管理者需具备良好的分析能力和直觉判断力。
104、annual objectives are short-term milestones that organizations must achieve to reach long-term objectives. 年度目标是企业实现长期愿景的一个个短期里程碑。
105、conflict is disagreement between two more parties on one or more issues, and unavoidable in organizations. 冲突是各方在不同问题上的不同意见。冲突无法避免地存在于组织中。
106、restructuring is characterized by strategic (long-term, affecting all business functions) decisions 结构重组是涉及长远目标,影响整个企业的战略性决策。
107、resistance to change is the single greatest threat to successful strategy implementation抗拒变革是战略实施过程中单一的最大威胁。
108、final strategy-evaluation activity, requires making changes to reposition a firm competitively for the future. 战略评价与控制的最后一个环节,需要进行改变为将来企业竞争重新定位。
109、the balanced score card approach to strategy evaluation aims to balance long-term with short-term concerns; to balance financial with nonfinancial concerns; and to balance internal with external concerns. 平衡计分卡战略评价方法旨在平衡长期与短期目标、平衡财务与非财务问题、平衡企业内部与外部的关切。
110、the learning & growth perspective in the balanced score card is foundation of any strategy and focuses on the tangible assets of an organization. 平衡计分卡中学习与成长方面是企业采取任何战略的基础,它聚焦于企业的有形资产方面。
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