2、一质点在外力作用下运动时，下列说法哪个正确? which of the following statements is true when a particle moves under the action of an external force? a、质点的动量改变时，质点的动能也一定改变； when the momentum of the particle changes, the kinetic energy of the particle also changes; b、质点的动能不变时，质点的动量也一定不变； when the kinetic energy of the particle is constant, the momentum of the particle is also constant; c、外力的功是零，外力的冲量一定是零； the work of external force is zero, and the impulse of external force must be zero; d、外力的冲量是零，外力的功也一定是零； the impulse of the external force is zero, and the work of the external force must be zero;
3、 a、 b、 c、 d、
4、 a、 b、 c、 d、
5、 a、 b、 c、 d、
第2章单元作业
1、
2、
3、
4、
5、
第一篇 力学 ch3 刚体的定轴转动 ( first mechanical ch3 rigid-body of the fixed axis rotation)
第3章单元测验 (chapter 3 unit tests)
1、 a、 b、 c、 d、
2、 a、 b、 c、 d、
3、 a、 b、 c、 d、
4、 a、 b、 c、 d、
第3章单元作业 (chapter 3 unit assignments)
1、
2、
3、
4、
第三篇 电磁场 ch6 静电场 (second electromagnetic field ch6 electrostatic field)
§6.4 静电场环路定理 电势能与电势（3学时） (§ 6.4 electrostatic field loop theorem; electric potential energy and electric potential)随堂测验
1、均匀带电圆环轴线上的电势为___。 a、a b、b c、c d、d
2、均匀带电圆盘轴线上的电势为________。 a、a b、b c、c d、d
3、均匀带电球壳在空间电势的分布为 a、 b、 c、 d、
4、均匀带电球体在空间电势的分布。 a、 b、 c、 d、
第6章单元测验 (chapter 6 unit tests)
1、以下说法中哪一种是正确的? which of the following statements is true? a、电场中某点电场强度的方向，就是试验电荷在该点所受电场力的方向； the direction of the electric field intensity at a certain point in the electric field, is the direction of the electric field force on the test charge at that point b、电场中某点电场强度的方向可由e=f/q0确定，其中q0为试验电荷的电量，q0可正、可负，f为试验电荷所受的电场力； the direction of the electric field intensity at a certain point in the electric field can be determined by e=f/q0, where q0 is the electric charge of the test charge, q0 can be positive or negative, and f is the electric field force of the test charge; c、在以点电荷为中心的球面上，由该点电荷所产生的电场强度处处相同； on a sphere centered on a point charge, the intensity of the electric field generated by that point charge is the same everywhere; d、以上说法都不正确； none of the above is true;
2、 a、高斯面内电荷的代数和为零时，高斯面上各点场强一定处处为零； when the algebraic sum of the charges in the gaussian plane is zero, the field strength of each point on the gaussian plane must be zero everywhere; b、高斯面内的电荷代数和为零时，高斯面上各点场强不一定处处为零； when the algebraic sum of charges in the gaussian plane is zero, the field strength of each point on the gaussian plane is not necessarily zero everywhere; c、高斯面内的电荷代数和不为零时，高斯面上各点场强一定处处不为零； when the algebraic sum of charges in the gaussian plane is not zero, the field strength of each point on the gaussian plane must not be zero everywhere; d、高斯面内无电荷时，高斯面上各点场强一定为零； when there is no charge in the gaussian surface, the field strength of each point on the gaussian surface must be zero;
3、在某一静电场中，任意两点p1和p2之间的电势差决定于___ in an electrostatic field, the potential difference between p1 and p2 at any two points depends on___ a、p1点的位置； the position of point p1; b、p2点的位置； the location of point p2; c、p1和p2两点的位置； the positions of p1 and p2; d、p1和p2两点处的电场强度的大小和方向； the magnitude and direction of the electric field intensity at the points p1 and p2;
4、一半径为r的均匀带电球面的带电量为q. 设无穷远处为电势零点，则球外距离球心为r的p点处的电场强度的大小和电势为___ the charge of a uniformly charged sphere of radius r is q. suppose infinity is the zero of the electric potential, then the magnitude of the electric field intensity and the electric potential at point p with the distance from the outside of the sphere to the center of the sphere r are___ a、 b、 c、 d、
5、 a、 b、 c、 d、
第6章单元作业 (chapter 6 unit assignments)
1、
2、有一均匀带电的半径为r的球面。带电量为q，试用高斯定理求解其内外电场及电势分布。 there is a uniformly charged sphere of radius r. the charge is q, and the internal and external electric field and potential distribution are solved by using gauss theorem.
3、有一电荷线密度为λ半径为r的无限长均匀带电的圆柱面，试用高斯定理求解其内外场强分布。 an infinitely long uniformly charged cylinder with a linear density of charge of λ and a radius of r is presented.
4、
5、
第二篇 电磁场 ch7 稳恒磁场 (second electromagnetic field ch7 steady magnetic field)
第7章单元测验 (chapter 7 unit tests)
1、 a、 b、 c、 d、
2、 a、 b、 c、 d、
3、 a、 b、 c、 d、
4、 a、 b、 c、 d、
第7章单元作业 (chapter 7 unit assignment)
1、
2、
3、
4、
第二篇 电磁场 ch8 电磁感应与电磁波 (second electromagnetic field ch8 electromagnetic induction and electromagnetic waves)
1、 a、a点与b点等电位； equal potential between point a and point b; b、a点比b点电位高； higher potential at point a than at point b; c、a点比b点电位低； point a is less potential than point b; d、无法确定； cannot be determined;
2、 a、 b、 c、 d、
3、 a、 b、 c、 d、
4、 a、 b、 c、 d、
5、 a、 b、 c、 d、
6、 a、 b、 c、 d、
第三篇 热学 ch4 气体动理论 (third heat ch4 kinetic theory of gas)
§4.3 麦克斯韦速率分布（2学时） (§ 4.3 maxwell rate distribution (2 credit hours))随堂测验
1、由麦克斯韦速率分而函数得到最可几速率、平均速率、方均根速率进行比较 according to maxwell's rate division and function, the best rate, average rate and square root rate are obtained and compared a、方均根速率 > 平均速率 > 最可几速率； mean square root rate > average rate > maximum probability rate; b、方均根速率 < 平均速率 < 最可几速率； mean square root rate < average rate < maximum probability rate; c、方均根速率 > 最可几速率 > 平均速率； mean square root rate > maximum probability rate > average rate; d、平均速率 > 最可几速率 > 方均根速率； average rate > maximum probability rate > mean square root rate;
2、下列说法哪个正确的？ which of the following statements is true? a、从微观意义上来说，压强是分子碰撞器壁产生的平均效果； in a microscopic sense, the pressure is the average effect of the wall of the molecular collider; b、真实气体有的是理想气体； real gases are ideal gases; c、对于理想气体来说，分子与分子存在相互作用力除了碰撞以外； for an ideal gas, there's an interaction between the molecules except for the collision; d、对于理想气体来说，分子与分子之间的碰撞是非弹性碰撞； for an ideal gas, collisions between molecules are inelastic collisions;
§4.5 能量按自由度均分（0.5学时） (§4.5 energy is divided equally according to degrees of freedom (0.5 credit hours))随堂测验
1、1. 下列哪个是正确的？ which of the following is true? a、一个甲烷分子(ch4)有5个自由度；一个水分子(h2o)有3个自由度； a methane molecule (ch4) has 5 degrees of freedom. a water molecule (h2o) has 3 degrees of freedom; b、一个甲烷分子(ch4)有6个自由度；一个水分子(h2o)有6个自由度； a methane molecule (ch4) has 6 degrees of freedom. a water molecule (h2o) has 6 degrees of freedom; c、一个氦(he)有2个自由度；一个氧气分子(o2)有3个自由度； a helium (he) molecule has 2 degrees of freedom; a oxygen molecule (o2) has three degrees of freedom; d、一个氦(he)有2个自由度；一个氧气分子(o2)有5个自由度； a helium (he) molecule has 2 degrees of freedom; a oxygen molecule (o2) has five degrees of freedom;
2、2. 下列哪项是正确的？ which of the following is true? a、 b、 c、 d、
气体动理论单元测验 (gas dynamic theory unit test)
1、一瓶氦气和一瓶氮气粒子数密度相同，分子平均平动动能相同，而且它们都处于平衡状态，则它们___ a bottle of helium and a bottle of nitrogen have the same particle density, the same average translational kinetic energy, and they are in equilibrium, so they have __ a、温度相同、压强相同； the same temperature, the same pressure; b、温度、压强都不相同； different temperature, different pressure; c、温度相同，但氦气的压强大于氮气的压强； the pressure of helium is greater than that of nitrogen at the same temperature; d、温度相同，但氦气的压强小于氮气的压强； the same temperature, but the pressure of helium is less than the pressure of nitrogen.
1、地球质量是多少？ what is the mass of the earth? a、 b、 c、 d、
2、国际单位制也叫___ the international system of units is also called___ a、se制 (se system) b、sf制 (sf system) c、千克米秒 (kg m s system) d、千克摩尔安培制 (kg mol a system)
3、 a、 b、 c、 d、
4、 a、 b、 c、 d、
5、质点指的是___ a particle is a___ a、很小的质量的模型 very small mass model b、很大的质量的模型 very large mass model c、不大不小的质量的模型 a model of moderate mass d、只考虑质量，不考虑形状的模型 a model that considers only the mass and not the shape
6、瞬时速度就是___ the instantaneous velocity is___ a、 b、 c、 d、
7、求解运动学问题，为什么需要初始条件？ why do we need initial conditions to solve the kinematics problem? a、初始条件用于确定积分常量，使不定积分变成定积分； the initial conditions are used to determine the integral constant so that the antiderivative becomes a definite integral; b、初始条件用于确定积分常量，使定积分变成不定积分； the initial condition is used to determine the integral constant so that the definite integral becomes the antiderivative; c、初始条件用于确定初始速度； the initial conditions are used to determine the initial velocity; d、初始条件用于确定初始位置； initial conditions are used to determine the initial position;
8、下列说法哪种是正确的？ which of the following statements is true? a、 b、 c、 d、
9、抛体运动的共同特点是___ the common feature of projectile motion is that___ a、 b、 c、 d、
10、 a、 b、 c、 d、
11、在自然坐标系中的速率为___ the rate in natural coordinates is equal to___ a、 b、 c、 d、
12、牛顿第一定律，是___ newton's third law is___ a、惯性定律； law of inertia; b、 c、作用力与反作用力定律； law of action and reaction; d、动量守恒定律； law of conservation of momentum;
13、牛顿第二定律，是___ newton's third law is___; a、惯性定律； law of inertia; b、 c、作用力与反作用力定律； law of action and reaction; d、动量守恒定律； law of conservation of momentum;
14、牛顿第三定律，是___ newton's third law is___ a、惯性定律； law of inertia; b、f=ma; c、作用力与反作用力定律； law of action and reaction; d、动量守恒定律； law of conservation of momentum;
15、在常见的三种力中，第一种是万有引力，万有引力与重力的关系是___ of the three common forces, the first is universal gravitation, and the relationship between universal gravitation and gravity is___ a、重力是万有引力中特殊的一种力，重力属于万有引力； gravity is a special force in the universal gravitation, gravity belongs to the universal gravitation; b、重力就是万有引力，万有引力就是重力； gravity is universal gravitation, and universal gravitation is gravity; c、重力不是万有引力，重力与万有引力是两种力； gravity is not universal gravitation, gravity and universal gravitation are two kinds of forces; d、以上都不对； none of the above is true;
16、万有引力常数的单位是___ the units of the universal gravitation constant are___ a、 b、 c、 d、
17、以下说法正确的是___ the following statement is correct___ a、弹簧的弹力是弹性力，书本压桌面的力不是弹性力； the spring force is the elastic force, the book pressure table is not the elastic force; b、弹簧的弹力是弹性力，拉绳子的力不是弹性力； the spring force is an elastic force, the force pulling the rope is not an elastic force; c、弹簧的弹力是弹性力，拉绳子的力是弹性力，甲乙两人各用200n的力拉一根绳子，绳子中的张力为400n； the spring's spring force is the elastic force, the pull on the rope is the elastic force, a two people each pull a rope with the force of 200n, the tension in the rope is 400n; d、弹簧的弹力是弹性力，拉绳子的力是弹性力，甲乙两人各用200n的力拉一根绳子，绳子中的张力为200n; the spring's spring force is the elastic force, the pull on the rope is the elastic force, a two people each pull a rope with the force of 200n, the tension in the rope is 200n;
18、求一个函数的极大值，通常用的方法是___ the usual way to find the maximum of a function is___ a、一阶导数等于零，二阶导数小于零； the first derivative is zero, the second derivative is less than zero; b、一阶导数等于零，二阶导数大于零； the first derivative is zero, the second derivative is greater than zero; c、一阶导数等于零，二阶导数等于零； the first derivative is zero, the second derivative is zero; d、一阶导数等于零; the first derivative is zero;
19、质点动力学解题的一般方法是___ the general way to do particle dynamics is___ a、选取研究对象； select research object; b、选取研究对象；独立受力分析； select the research object; independent force analysis; c、选取研究对象；独立受力分析；选取坐标系； select the research object; independent force analysis; select the coordinate system; d、选取研究对象；独立受力分析；选取坐标系；列方程求解； select the research object; independent force analysis; select the coordinate system; solving equations;
20、 a、 b、 c、 d、
21、 a、 b、 c、 d、
22、 a、 b、 c、 d、
23、 a、 b、 c、 d、
24、 a、 b、 c、 d、
25、功的单位___ the unit of work___ a、牛顿 n b、牛顿·米 n · m c、牛顿·米·秒 n · m· s d、焦耳·米·秒 j · m · s
26、功率可以表示成___ power can be represented as___ a、 b、 c、 d、
27、质点动能定理，说的是___ the kinetic energy theorem for particles says___ a、合外力所做的功等于质点动能的增加； the work done by the external force is equal to the increase of the kinetic energy of the particle; b、合外力所做的功等于质点势能的增加； the work done by the external force is equal to the increase of the potential energy of the particle; c、合外力所做的功等于质点机械能的增加； the work done by the external force is equal to the increase of the mechanical energy of the particle; d、以上一个也不对； neither of the above is true;
28、重力做功等于___ the work done by gravity is equal to___ a、质点重力势能的增加； the increase of gravitational potential energy at the particle； b、质点重力势能增加的相反数； negative increase of gravitational potential energy of particle; c、质点重力机械能的增加； increase of gravitational mechanical energy of particle; d、质点重力机械能增加的相反数； the negative increase of the gravitational mechanical energy of the particle;
29、万有引力做功等于___ the work done by universal gravitation is equal to___ a、万有引力势能的增加； the increase of universal gravitation potential energy; b、万有引力势能增加的相反数； the negative of the increase of universal gravitation potential energy; c、弹性势能的增加； the increase of elastic potential energy; d、弹性势能增加的相反数； the negative of the increase in the elastic potential energy;
30、关于内能做功，以下说法正确的是___ the following statement about internal energy doing work is true___ a、荡秋千时，会荡秋千的人到最高点时站直，到最低点时蹲下，秋千会越荡越高； when playing on a swing, the person who plays on a swing will stand up straight at the highest point and squat down at the lowest point; b、荡秋千时，会荡秋千的人到最高点时蹲下，到最低点时站直，秋千会越荡越高； when playing on a swing, the person who plays on a swing will crouch down at the highest point and stand up straight at the lowest point. the swing will go higher and higher; c、荡秋千时，不会荡秋千的人到最高点时站直，到最低点时蹲下，秋千会逐渐停止； in a swing, those who can't swing will stand up straight at the top and squat down at the bottom; d、以上都不对； none of the above is true;
31、以下说法哪个是正确的？ which of the following statements is true? a、当合外力与非保守内力做功之和等于0，系统机械能守恒； when the sum of the work done by the external force and the non-conservative internal force is equal to 0, the mechanical energy of the system is conserved; b、当合外力与非保守内力做功之和等于0，系统动能守恒； when the sum of the work done by the external force and the non-conservative internal force is equal to 0, the kinetic energy of the system is conserved. c、当合外力与非保守内力做功之和等于0，系统势能守恒； when the sum of the work done by the external force and the non-conservative internal force is equal to 0, the system potential energy is conserved. d、当合外力与非保守内力做功之和大于0，系统机械能守恒； when the sum of the work done by the combined external force and the non-conservative internal force is greater than 0, the mechanical energy of the system is conserved;
32、关于功，以下说法正确的是___ the following statement about work is true___ a、功是能量交换或者变化过程中的度量； work is a measure of energy exchange or change; b、功是单位是牛顿； work is in newtons; c、功是矢量； work is a vector quantity; d、功是动能； work is kinetic energy;
33、第一宇宙速度是___ the first cosmic velocity is ____ a、 b、 c、 d、
34、第二宇宙速度是___ the second cosmic velocity is ____ a、 b、 c、 d、
35、第三宇宙速度是___ the third cosmic velocity is ____ a、 b、 c、 d、
36、冲量是___ impulse is ___ a、力的空间积累效应； spatial accumulation effect of forces; b、力的时间积累效应； time accumulation effect of force; c、力的时间和空间积累效应； time and space accumulation effect of force; d、势能积累效应； potential energy accumulation effect;
37、质点动量定理说的是， the particle momentum theorem says, a、一段时间内外力作用的冲量等于质点动能的增量； the impulse of internal and external forces over a period of time is equal to the increment of kinetic energy of the particle; b、一段时间内外力作用的冲量等于质点势能的增量； the impulse of the internal and external force over a period of time is equal to the increment of the potential energy of the particle; c、一段时间内外力作用的冲量等于质点机械能的增量； the impulse of internal and external force over a period of time is equal to the increment of mechanical energy of the particle; d、一段时间内外力作用的冲量等于质点动量的增量； the impulse of internal and external force over a period of time is equal to the increment of momentum of the particle;
38、质点系的动量定理，说的是___ the momentum theorem for particle systems says___ a、质点系合外力的冲量，等于质点系动量的增量； the momentum of particle system is equal to the momentum increment of particle system; b、质点系合外力的冲量，等于质点系动能的增量； the impulse of particle system is equal to the increment of kinetic energy of particle system; c、质点系合外力的冲量，等于质点系势能的增量； the impulse of the particle system is equal to the increment of the potential energy of the particle system; d、质点系合外力的冲量，等于质点系机械能的增量； the impulse of particle system combined with external force is equal to the increment of mechanical energy of particle system;
39、动量守恒的条件是___ the condition for momentum conservation is ___ a、合外力矩等于0； the net outside moment of force is equal to 0; b、合外力大于0； the net outside force is greater than 0; c、合外力等于0； the net outside force is equal to 0; d、合外力小于0； the net outside force is less than 0;
40、关于弹性碰撞， in terms of elastic collisions, a、动量守恒，动能守恒； momentum conservation, kinetic energy conservation; b、动量守恒，动能不守恒； momentum is conserved, kinetic energy is not conserved; c、动量不守恒，动能守恒； momentum is not conserved, kinetic energy is conserved; d、动量不守恒，动能不守恒； momentum is not conserved, kinetic energy is not conserved;
41、关于完全非弹性碰撞， for completely inelastic collisions, a、动量守恒，动能守恒； momentum conservation, kinetic energy conservation; b、动量守恒，动能不守恒； momentum is conserved, kinetic energy is not conserved; c、动量不守恒，动能守恒； momentum is not conserved, kinetic energy is conserved; d、动量不守恒，动能不守恒； momentum is not conserved, kinetic energy is not conserved;
42、关于一般非弹性碰撞， for general inelastic collisions, a、动量守恒，动能守恒； momentum conservation, kinetic energy conservation; b、动量守恒，动能不守恒； momentum is conserved, kinetic energy is not conserved; c、动量不守恒，动能守恒； momentum is not conserved, kinetic energy is conserved; d、动量不守恒，动能不守恒； momentum is not conserved, kinetic energy is not conserved;
43、 a、 b、 c、 d、以上一个都不是； none of the above;
44、转动定律说的是___ the rotation law says a、 b、 c、 d、
45、 a、 b、 c、 d、
46、 a、 b、 c、 d、
47、 a、 b、 c、 d、
48、力矩做功的功率为___ the power of moment doing work per unit time is___ a、 b、 c、 d、
49、 a、 b、 c、 d、
50、绕定轴转动的动量矩对时间的一阶导数，等于作用在刚体上所有外力对轴的力矩的代数和，称为___ the first derivative of the moment of momentum with respect to time of rotation about the fixed-axis is equal to the algebraic sum of the moment of force on the axis acting on the rigid-body, it is ___ a、刚体绕定轴转动的动量矩定理； theorem of moment of momentum for rigid-body rotating about fixed-axis; b、刚体绕定轴转动的动量定理； momentum theorem of rigid-body rotating about fixed-axis; c、刚体绕定轴转动的动能定理； kinetic energy theorem of rigid-body rotating about fixed-axis; d、刚体绕定轴转动的力矩定理； the moment theorem of rigid-body rotating about fixed-axis;
56、 a、可能追上；it is possible to catch up; b、不可能追上； it is impossible to catch up; c、0 d、0
57、 a、不可能击中；impossible to hit; b、可能击中； the likelihood of hitting; c、0 d、0
58、 a、 b、 c、0 d、0
59、 a、 b、 c、0 d、0
60、 a、0.5m; b、1m; c、0 d、0
61、 a、 b、 c、0 d、0
62、 a、 b、 c、0 d、0
63、 a、 b、 c、0 d、0
64、 a、动量矩守恒，机械能守恒； conservation of moment of momentum; conservation of mechanical energy; b、动量守恒，机械能守恒； conservation of momentum; conservation of mechanical energy; c、0 d、0
65、 a、可以用动量守恒定律做； it can be done using the law of conservation of momentum; b、只能用动量矩守恒定律做； it can only be done with the law of conservation of moment of momentum; c、0 d、0
66、 a、 b、 c、0 d、0
67、质量为m的人，携带着质量为m的沙包跳远，若跳至最高点时，向后扔出沙包，则跳远成绩提高量____ the mass of m people, with the mass of m sandbag long jump, if jump to the highest point, throw back out of the sandbag, the long jump performance is improved as___ a、正比于沙包质量，正比于扔出沙包时的相对速度； proportional to the mass of the sandbag, proportional to the relative velocity when the sandbag is thrown; b、正比于沙包质量，正比于扔出沙包时的相对速度的平方； proportional to the mass of the sandbag and proportional to the square of the relative velocity when the sandbag is thrown; c、0 d、0
68、 a、能 can b、不能 can't c、0 d、0
69、 a、 b、 c、0 d、0
70、 a、 b、 c、0 d、0
71、 a、 b、 c、0 d、0
72、当外力矩为零时，质点动量矩守恒。例如行星绕太阳旋转，电子绕原子核旋转等，因为种种原因外力矩为零，故质点动量矩守恒。 when the moment of external force is zero, the momentum moment of mass is conserved. for example, planets revolve around the sun, electrons revolve around the nucleus, etc., because of various reasons the moment of external force is zero, so the momentum moment of mass is conserved. a、不对； false; b、对 true; c、0 d、0
73、当作用在质点系上所有外力对某一固定轴的力矩之和为零，则质点系对该轴的动量矩保持不变。例如花样滑冰表演者，可以绕通过重心的铅垂轴高速旋转，也可以展开双臂缓慢旋转，在这一过程中，摩擦力矩可以忽略，因此表演者对旋转轴的动量矩守恒。 when the sum of all the moments of force acting on a fixed axis on the particle system is zero, the moment of force of the particle system on the fixed axis remains constant. a figure skater, for example, can spin at high speed around a plumb axis passing through the center of gravity or slowly rotate his arms. in this process, the friction moment of force can be ignored, so the moment of motion of the skater toward the axis of rotation is conserved. a、不对； false; b、对 true; c、0 d、0
74、 a、 b、 c、0 d、0
75、 a、动量不守恒，机械能守恒； momentum is not conserved; mechanical energy is conserved; b、动量守恒，机械能不守恒； momentum is conserved; mechanical energy is not conserved; c、0 d、0
76、 a、q正好达到原来p的速度； the velocity of q is exactly the same as that of p; b、p与q的速度相等； the velocity of p is the same as that of q; c、0 d、0
静电场部分平时测验(the electrostatic field section is normally tested)
静电场部分平时测验(the electrostatic field tested)
1、如果要将一带电体看作点电荷，则该带电体的___ if an electric body is to be regarded as a point charge, then the charged body is___ a、线度很小； the linearity is small; b、电荷呈球形分布； the charge is spherical; c、线度远小于其它有关长度； the linearity is much less than the other relevant length; d、电量很小； the electric quantity is very small;
2、 a、 b、 c、 d、
3、库仑力与万有引力之间的关系是___ the relationship between the coulomb force and the universal gravitation force is___ a、都与距离平方成反比 it's inversely proportional to the square of the distance b、都是吸引力 it's all attraction c、都是排斥力 it's all repulsive d、又可能是吸引力又可能是排斥力 it could be attraction or it could be repulsion
4、电场强度是矢量，其单位是___ the intensity of the electric field is a vector, and the unit is___ a、v b、v/m c、v·m d、a/m
5、电场强度的单位是___ the unit of electric field intensity are___ a、牛顿/库仑 n/c b、牛顿/米 n/m c、库仑/米 c/m d、库仑/牛顿 c/n
6、 a、 b、 c、 d、
7、关于高斯定理，下列哪一说法正确的？ which of the following statements is true about gauss theorem? a、高斯定理只适用于长直通电导线 gauss theorem applies only to long straight wires b、高斯定理只适用于球对称性问题的求解 gauss theorem is only applicable to the solution of spherical symmetry problem c、高斯定理适用于一切静电场，但是真正能求解的问题局限于对称性好的问题 gauss theorem is applicable to all electrostatic fields, but the problems that can be solved are limited to problems with good symmetry d、高斯定理适用于一切静电场和涡旋电场 gauss theorem is applicable to all electrostatic fields and eddy electric fields
8、电通量的单位是___ the unit of electric flux is___ a、 b、 c、 d、
9、关于高斯定理，下列说法正确的是___ on gauss theorem, the following statement is correct___ a、适合于一切电场； suitable for all electric fields; b、适合于一切涡旋电场； suitable for all vortex electric fields; c、适合于一切静电场； suitable for all electrostatic fields; d、只适合于球对称性的静电场； the electrostatic field is only suitable for spherical symmetry;
10、 a、 b、 c、 d、
11、 a、 b、 c、 d、
12、电场线处处平行的区域为什么是匀强电场？ why is the area where the electric field line is parallel everywhere uniform electric field? a、利用高斯定理可以证明同一电场线各点的电场强度相等；利用静电场环路定理可以证明不同电场线上的场 强相等，故电场线处处平行的区域一定是匀强电场； it can be proved that the electric field intensity of each point of the same electric field line is equal by using gauss theorem, and the electric field intensity of different electric field lines is equal by using electrostatic field loop theorem, so the area where the electric field lines are parallel everywhere must be uniform electric field; b、利用高斯定理可以证明同一电场线各点的电场强度相等；利用静电场环路定理可以证明同一电场线上的场强相等，故电场线处处平行的区域一定是匀强电场； it can be proved that the electric field intensity of each point of the same electric field line is equal by using gauss theorem, and the electric field intensity of same electric field lines is equal by using electrostatic field loop theorem, so the area where the electric field lines are parallel everywhere must be uniform electric field; c、利用高斯定理可以证明不同电场线各点的电场强度相等；利用静电场环路定理可以证明不同电场线上的场强相等，故电场线处处平行的区域一定是匀强电场； it can be proved that the electric field intensity of each point of the different electric field line is equal by using gauss theorem, and the electric field intensity of different electric field lines is equal by using electrostatic field loop theorem, so the area where the electric field lines are parallel everywhere must be uniform electric field; d、利用静电场环路定理可以证明同一电场线各点的电场强度相等；利用高斯定理可以证明不同电场线上的场 强相等，故电场线处处平行的区域一定是匀强电场； it can be proved that the electric field intensity of each point of the same electric field line is equal by using electrostatic field loop theorem, and the electric field intensity of different electric field lines is equal by using gauss theorem, so the area where the electric field lines are parallel everywhere must be uniform electric field;
13、 a、点电荷； point charge; b、半径为r的均匀带电球面； uniformly charged sphere of radius r; c、半径为r的均匀带电球体； uniformly charged sphere of radius r; d、无限长均匀带电直线； uniformly charged lines of infinite length;
14、 a、 b、 c、 d、
15、电势的单位是____ the unit of electric potential is____ a、a b、j c、v d、n
16、静电场中某点p处电势的数值等于___ the value of the potential at some point p in the electrostatic field is equal to___ a、试验电荷q0置于p点时具有的电势能； the potential energy of the test charge q0 at point p; b、单位试验电荷置于p点时具有的电势能； the electric potential energy of the unit test charge at point p; c、单位正电荷置于p点时具有的电势能； the electric potential energy of a unit positive charge at point p; d、把单位正电荷从p点移到电势零点时外力所作的功； the work done by the external force when the unit positive charge is moved from p to zero of the electric potential;
17、 a、 b、 c、 d、
18、 a、 b、 c、 d、
19、 a、 b、 c、 d、
20、 a、 b、 c、 d、
21、 a、 b、 c、 d、
22、 a、 b、 c、 d、
23、 a、 b、 c、 d、
24、地球那么大的导体电容为___ the earth's conductor capacitance is___ a、0.71mf； b、1.42mf； c、2.13mf； d、4.26mf；
25、 a、 b、 c、 d、
26、 a、 b、 c、 d、
27、下列说法哪个正确的？ which of the following statements is true? a、并联电容的总电容是各电容值的调和平均；the total capacitance of the shunt capacitance is the harmonic average of the capacitance values; b、并联电容的总电容是各电容值的算术平均； the total capacitance of the parallel capacitance is the arithmetic average of the capacitance values; c、并联电容的总电容是各电容值的算术平均； the total capacitance of the parallel capacitance is the arithmetic average of the capacitance values; d、串联电容的总电容是各电容值的算术平均； the total capacitance of series capacitance is the arithmetic average of each capacitance value;
28、下列说法哪个正确的？ which of the following statements is true? a、电容单位体积内的储存的能量，正比于电场强度的平方； the energy stored per unit volume of capacitance is proportional to the square of the electric field intensity; b、电容单位体积内的储存的能量，正比于电场强度； the energy stored per unit volume of capacitance is proportional to the strength of the electric field; c、电容单位体积内的储存的能量，正比于电势的平方； the energy stored per unit volume of capacitance is proportional to the potential squared; d、电容单位体积内的储存的能量，正比于电势； the energy stored per unit volume of capacitance is proportional to the potential;
29、以下说法中哪一种是正确的? which of the following statements is true? a、电场中某点电场强度的方向，就是试验电荷在该点所受电场力的方向； the direction of the electric field intensity at a certain point in the electric field, is the direction of the electric field force on the test charge at that point b、电场中某点电场强度的方向可由e=f/q0确定，其中q0为试验电荷的电量，q0可正、可负，f为试验电荷所受的电场力； the direction of the electric field intensity at a certain point in the electric field can be determined by e=f/q0, where q0 is the electric charge of the test charge, q0 can be positive or negative, and f is the electric field force of the test charge c、在以点电荷为中心的球面上，由该点电荷所产生的电场强度处处相同； on a sphere centered on a point charge, the intensity of the electric field generated by that point charge is the same everywhere d、以上说法都不正确； none of the above is true;
30、 a、高斯面内电荷的代数和为零时，高斯面上各点场强一定处处为零； when the algebraic sum of the charges in the gaussian plane is zero, the field strength of each point on the gaussian plane must be zero everywhere b、高斯面内的电荷代数和为零时，高斯面上各点场强不一定处处为零； when the algebraic sum of charges in the gaussian plane is zero, the field strength of each point on the gaussian plane is not necessarily zero everywhere c、高斯面内的电荷代数和不为零时，高斯面上各点场强一定处处不为零； when the algebraic sum of charges in the gaussian plane is not zero, the field strength of each point on the gaussian plane must not be zero everywhere d、高斯面内无电荷时，高斯面上各点场强一定为零； when there is no charge in the gaussian surface, the field strength of each point on the gaussian surface must be zero;
31、在某一静电场中，任意两点p1和p2之间的电势差决定于___ in an electrostatic field, the potential difference between p1 and p2 at any two points depends on___ a、p1点的位置； the position of point p1; b、p2点的位置； the location of point p2; c、p1和p2两点的位置； the positions of p1 and p2; d、p1和p2两点处的电场强度的大小和方向； the magnitude and direction of the electric field intensity at the points p1 and p2;
12、 a、a点与b点等电位; the equipotential between point a and point b; b、a点比b点电位高; the potential at point a is higher than that at point b; c、a点比b点电位低； the potential at point a is lower than that at point b; d、无法确定； cannot be determined;
13、 a、向左偏转； deflection to the left ; b、向右偏转； deflection to the right ; c、不偏转； no deflection; d、可能向左偏转，也可能向右偏转； it may deflect to the left or to the right;
14、导体切割磁场线，没有构成闭合回路的话，那么___ the conductor cuts the magnetic field line without forming a closed loop, then___ a、没有感应电流，没有电动势； no induced current, no electromotive force; b、没有感应电流，有电动势； there is no induced current and there is an electromotive force; c、有感应电流，没有电动势； there is an induced current and no electromotive force; d、有感应电流，有电动势； there is an induced current and an electromotive force;
15、感应电流的效果总是____ . the effect of the inductive current is always___. a、总是反抗引起感应电流的原因； always resist the cause of induced current; b、总是增强引起感应电流的原因； always enhance the cause of induced current; c、有时反抗有时增强引起感应电流的原因； sometimes resist and sometimes enhance the cause of induced current; d、或者反抗或者增强引起感应电流的原因； either resist or enhance the cause of induced current;
16、电动势实际上是一种能力，就是___ electromotive force is actually an ability about ___ a、把正电荷从正极搬运到负极； transfer of positive charges from the positive to the negative poles; b、把负电荷从负极搬运到正极； transfer of negative charges from the negative to the positive poles; c、把正电荷从正极搬运到正极； transfer of positive charge from the positive pole to the positive pole; d、把正电荷从负极搬运到正极； transfer of positive charges from the negative to the positive;
17、感应电动势包括感生电动势和动生电动势，下列说法哪个是正确的？ induction electromotive force includes induced electromotive force and motional electromotive force, which of the following statements is true? a、由于磁场变而产生的电动势不是感生电动势； the electromotive force due to the change of magnetic field is not induced electromotive force; b、由于线圈（导体）动产生的电动势是动生电动势； the electromotive force produced by the coil (conductor) is motional electromotive force. c、由于磁场变而产生的电动势是动生电动势； the electromotive force due to the change of magnetic field is motional electromotive force. d、由于线圈（导体）动产生的电动势不是动生电动势； the electromotive force due to coil (conductor) motion is not motional electromotive force;
18、 a、 b、 c、 d、
19、 a、 b、 c、 d、
20、以下说法哪个是正确的？ which of the following statements is true? a、涡旋电场来自于变化的电场； the vortex electric field is derived from a varying electric field; b、涡旋电场来自于变化的磁场； the vortex electric field is derived from a changing magnetic field; c、静电场来自于变化的电场； the electrostatic field is derived from a varying electric field; d、静电场来自于变化的磁场； the electrostatic field is derived from a varying magnetic field;
21、自感系数l与___有关系？ what does the coefficient of self induction have to do with? a、线圈的体积； the volume of the coil; b、线圈的体积、单位长度上的匝数； the volume of the coil and the number of turns per unit length; c、线圈的体积、单位长度上的匝数、是否插入铁芯； the volume of the coil, the number of turns per unit length, and whether or not an iron core is inserted; d、线圈的体积、单位长度上的匝数、是否插入铁芯、是否通有电流； the volume of the coil, the number of turns per unit length, whether an iron core is inserted, and whether a current is on;
22、互感系数m与___有关系？ is mutual inductance m related to it? a、各线圈的体积； the volume of each coil; b、各线圈的体积、单位长度上的匝数； the volume of each coil and the number of turns per unit length; c、各线圈的体积、单位长度上的匝数、是否插入铁芯； the volume of each coil, the number of turns per unit length, and whether or not an iron core is inserted; d、各线圈的体积、单位长度上的匝数、是否插入铁芯以及两线圈的相对位置； the volume of each coil, the number of turns per unit length, whether the iron core is inserted, and the relative positions of the two coils;
23、 a、 b、 c、 d、
24、 a、 b、 c、 d、
25、 a、 b、 c、 d、
26、 a、 b、 c、 d、
27、 a、 b、 c、 d、
28、 a、 b、 c、 d、
29、 a、 b、 c、 d、
30、 a、 b、 c、 d、
31、 a、 b、 c、 d、
32、 a、水平向右； horizontal to the right; b、水平向左； horizontal to the left; c、垂直纸面向外； facing out of the paper vertically; d、垂直纸面向里； vertical to the inside of the paper;
33、 a、 b、 c、 d、
34、 a、可能顺时针也可能逆时针； may be clockwise or counterclockwise; b、可能从左向右也可能从右向左； may be from left to right or from right to left; c、从左向右； from left to right; d、从右向左； from right to left;
35、 a、c点电势高； high potential at point c; b、d点电势高； high potential at point d; c、c点电势与d点电势一样高； the potential at point c is as high as that at point d; d、可能c点电势高，也可能d点电势高； the potential may be high at point c or at point d;
36、 a、 b、 c、 d、
37、 a、 b、 c、 d、
38、 a、 b、 c、 d、
39、 a、 b、 c、 d、
40、 a、 b、 c、 d、
41、 a、 b、 c、 d、
42、一带电粒子平行磁感应线射入匀强磁场，则它作___运动； if a parallel magnetic induction line of the electric particle is injected into the uniform magnetic field, it will move ___. a、直线； straight lines; b、变速率圆周； speed change rate of the circumference; c、匀速率圆周； uniform speed of the circumference; d、螺线； spiral;
43、一带电粒子垂直磁感应线射入匀强磁场，则它作___运动； with the electric particle vertical magnetic induction line into the uniform magnetic field, it makes ___motion; a、直线； straight lines; b、变速率圆周； speed change rate of the circumference; c、匀速率圆周； uniform speed of the circumference; d、螺线； spiral;
44、一带电粒子与磁感应线成任意角度射入匀强磁场，则它作___运动； if the electric particle and the magnetic induction line are injected into the uniform magnetic field at any angle, it will do ___ motion. a、直线； straight lines; b、变速率圆周； speed change rate of the circumference; c、匀速率圆周； uniform speed of the circumference; d、（d）螺线； spiral;
45、 a、 b、 c、 d、
46、 a、 b、 c、 d、
47、 a、方向垂直于纸面向里； the direction is perpendicular to the inside of the paper; b、方向垂直于纸面向外； orientation perpendicular to the outside of the paper; c、水平向右； horizontal to the right; d、水平向左； horizontal to the left;
48、 a、 b、 c、 d、
49、 a、 b、 c、 d、
50、 a、 b、 c、 d、
大学物理（上）期末考试 (college physics i final exam)
大学物理（上）期末考试客观题 (objective question)
1、 a、 b、 c、 d、
2、 a、 b、 c、 d、
3、 a、 b、 c、 d、
4、 a、 b、 c、 d、
5、一飞轮以每分钟1500转的转速转动，受制动50秒后静止。则从制动开始到静止飞轮转过的转数为___ a flywheel rotates at a speed of 1500 revolutions per minute and stops after being braked for 50 seconds. the number of revolutions from the start of braking to the rotation of stationary flywheel is ___ a、 0 review b、 625 reviews c、 750 reviews d、 1500 reviews
6、 a、 b、 c、 d、
7、 a、 b、 c、 d、
8、 a、 b、 c、 d、
9、 a、 b、 c、 d、
10、 a、 b、 c、 d、
大学物理（上）期末考试主观题 (sq)
1、
2、
3、
4、
5、
6、
7、
8、
9、 when a charged particle enters a uniform magnetic field in parallel with the magnetic induction line, it makes _____ motion; when a charged particle enters a uniform magnetic field in vertical direction, it makes ______ motion; when a charged particle enters a uniform magnetic field at any angle with the magnetic induction line, it makes ______ motion.