1、which of the following is not the function of authorship of research papers? a、to show responsibility b、to show that the paper is the work of the author c、to facilitate contact with authors and search for literature d、to draw the editor's attention
2、which of the following is the most typical structure of a research paper? a、irmd b、idrm c、imrd d、mird
3、which of the following parts of a research article answers the question how the study was conducted? a、introduction b、materials and methods c、results d、discussion
4、which of the following sections explains the question why the study was conducted? a、introduction b、materials and methods c、results d、discussion
5、which of the following sections addresses the question “what was found or invented in the study”? a、introduction b、materials and methods c、results d、discussion
6、which of the following sections explains the implications of the study? a、introduction b、materials and methods c、results d、discussion
7、which of the following problems does academic forgery belong to? a、low academic english proficiency b、lack of genre awareness c、poor knowledge of academic ethical norms d、insufficient skills in submission and communication
8、a writer submits a research paper to an unsuitable journal. which of the following problems does it show? a、low academic english proficiency b、lack of genre awareness c、poor knowledge of academic ethical norms d、insufficient skills in submission and communication
9、which of the following mistakes is an example of lack of genre awareness? a、the paper contains numerous grammatical errors. b、the structure of papers does not conform to the standard of journal papers c、the writer fails to revise the paper according to the reviewer's opinion. d、when citing other researchers, the writer takes cited words out of context.
10、which of the following is an inappropriate strategy for developing good writing habits? a、to write an english summary when reading literature. b、to accumulate commonly used english words and sentences. c、to avoid imitating other researchers’ writing. d、to know not only how to use grammar rules, but also why to use them.
2. lexical selection of research articles 期刊论文的遣词
第二单元测验
1、which of the following is not a typical feature of research articles? a、accuracy b、conciseness c、objectivity d、vividness
2、which of the following sentences most precisely reports the experimental result? a、development rate was fast in the high temperature treatment. b、development rate was faster in the higher temperature treatment. c、development rate was faster in the higher temperature treatment than in the lower temperature treatment. d、development rate in the 30°c temperature treatment was ten percent faster than that in the 20°c temperature treatment.
3、which of the following sentences is the most objective? a、we analyzed the experiment and what we found made us realize that the technique is quite complex. b、the analysis and findings of the experiment reveal that the technique is quite complex. c、our analysis and findings of the experiment make me puzzled. d、the analysis and findings of our experiment show that the technique is too puzzling.
4、which of the following is the most objective and concise? a、if you can control the trains this way, they will be able to run more safely and quickly. b、the use of this method of control unquestionably leads to safer and faster train running. c、we can use this method to control the trains to make them run more safely and quickly. d、it is undoubted that trains can run more safely and quickly if they are controlled in this way.
5、which of the following is not a feature of formal language? a、long sentence b、frequent use of personal pronouns c、frequent use of professional jargons d、little use of contractions
6、for the most formal expression, which of the four choices is the best to replace the underlined phrase in the following sentence? one metre of fabric is enough to cover the exterior of an 18-in-diameter hatbox. the price of meat has been going down steeply. a、dropping b、declining c、cutting down d、reducing
7、for the most formal expression, which of the four choices is the best to replace the underlined phrase in the following sentence? one metre of fabric is enough to cover the exterior of an 18-in-diameter hatbox. a、plenty b、much c、sufficient d、abundant
8、for the most formal expression, which of the four choices is the best to replace the underlined phrase in the following sentence? a clear container filled with 2 or 5-litres of coloured liquid is placed at the starting point. a、transparent b、clean c、understandable d、obvious
9、for the most formal expression, which of the four choices is the best to replace the underlined phrase in the following sentence? the ability to put up with pain varies from person to person. a、tolerate b、bear c、stand d、accept
10、fill in the blank with the most formal word. the scientists asked 200 passersby to estimate the angle of a set of stairs, and another 200 to do the same for an escalator—which, of course, requires no effort to __________. a、go up b、rise c、climb d、ascend
11、which of the following genres is characterized by high lexical density? a、novels b、letters c、research papers d、news reports
12、what is the lexical density of the following sentence? systemic functional linguists have undertaken interesting research into the roles different types of people play in interactions. a、10：7 b、12: 5 c、13：4 d、9：8
3. sentence construction of research articles 期刊论文的造句
第三单元测验
1、fill in the blank with the most appropriate choice. the professor’s refusal of a deadline __________ caused student annoyance. a、extent b、extensive c、extension d、extend
2、fill in the blank with the most appropriate choice. a ___________ of the two computers showed that model b has a better quality. a、comparison b、comparision c、comparition d、comparative
3、fill in the blank with the most appropriate choice. the __________ of electronic computer lies in its great speed and accuracy in calculation. a、effectivity b、effection c、effective d、effectiveness
4、which of the four choices can substitute the underlined clause in the following sentence? theorists who adopt the psychodynamic approach hold that inner conflicts are crucial for understanding human behavior. a、adopted the psychodynamic approach b、adopt the psychodynamic approach c、is adopted the psychodynamic approach d、adopting the psychodynamic approach
5、which of the four choices can substitute the underlined clause in the following sentence? methane unites with oxygen so that carbon dioxide and water are yielded. a、to yield carbon dioxide and water b、carbon dioxide and water are yielded c、yielded carbon dioxide and water d、in order to carbon dioxide and water are yielded
6、which of the four choices can substitute the underlined clause in the following sentence? the uk climate has been warming, and especially the annual average temperature of the central england has increased by about 1 c over the last century. a、with the central england annual average temperature increased by about 1 c over the last century b、with the central england annual average temperature increasing by about 1 c over the last century c、the central england annual average temperature has increased by about 1 c over the last century d、which the central england annual average temperature increased by about 1 c over the last century
7、which of the four choices can substitute the underlined clause in the following sentence? if organisms did not reproduce, life would quickly come to an end. a、without reproduction b、without reproducing c、if not reproducing d、if were not reproduced
8、which of the four choices can substitute the underlined clause in the following sentence? in this work, our objective was to improve the carbon fiber performance significantly by utilizing very high molecular weight polymer so that high quality precursors can be produced. a、producing high quality precursors b、to produce high quality precursors c、so that produce high quality precursors d、produced high quality precursors
9、compared with active voice(主动语态),which of the following statements is not a typical feature of passive voice (被动语态)? a、more objective b、emphasizing the recipient of the action c、more concise d、more indirect
10、fill in the blank with the most appropriate form of the word. the study __________ at the beginning of the semester and the final one was given at the end of the semester. a、conducting b、was conducted c、conducted d、has conducted
4. textual construction of research articles 期刊论文的谋篇布局
第四单元测验
1、the following sentences are from one paragraph. decide which one is the topic sentence of the paragraph? 1) in time, this melted part rises as a magma. 2) the formation of a volcanic eruption is a dramatic series of events. 3) as the plate sinks, friction and the earth’s heat cause part of it to melt. 4) the magma produces heat, steam, and pressure. 5) first of all, most volcanoes are formed where two plates collide. 6) then one of the plates is forced under the other and sinks. 7) when the heat, steam, and pressure from the magma finally reach the of the earth, volcanic eruption occurs. a、1 b、2 c、4 d、5
2、the underlined part is ______________ of the following sentence. the average american teenager consumes enormous quantities of junk food. a、the topic b、the minor supporting c、the major supporting d、the controlling idea
3、the underlined sentence is ______________ of the following paragraph. gold, a precious metal, is prized for two important characteristics. first of all, gold has a lustrous beauty that is resistant to corrosion. therefore, it is suitable for jewelry, coins, and ornamental purposes. gold never needs to be polished and will remain beautiful forever. for example, macedonian coin remains as untarnished today as the day it was minted twenty-three centuries ago. another important characteristic of gold is its usefulness to industry and science. for many years, it has been used in hundreds of industrial applications. the most recent use of gold is in astronauts’ suits. astronauts wear gold-plated heat shields for protection outside spaceships. in conclusion, gold is treasured not only for its beauty but also for its utility. a、the topic sentence b、the controlling idea c、the major supporting sentence d、the minor supporting sentence
4、in the following paragraph, which sentence is irrelevant to the topic sentence? 1) adventure travel is the hot trend in the tourism industry. 2) ordinary people are no longer content to spend their two weeks away from the office resting on a sunny beach in hawaii. 3) more and more often, they are choosing to spend their vacations rafting down wild rivers, hiking through steamy rain forests, climbing the world’s highest mountains, or traversing slippery glaciers. 4) people of all ages are choosing educational study tours for their vacations. a、1 b、2 c、3 d、4
5、fill in the blank with the right word. the same article said that the causes of inflation were easy to find; ____________, the cure for inflation was not so easy to prescribe. a、however b、for example c、because d、therefore
6、a recent article in era magazine suggested ways to reduce inflation. the article suggested that the president reduce the federal budget; ______________ it suggested that the government reduce federal state, and local taxes. a、however b、in contrast c、furthermore d、because
7、tsunami is a tidal wave produced by an earthquake on the ocean floor. the waves are very long and low in open water, but when they get close to land, they encounter friction because the water is shallow __________________ the waves increase in height and can cause considerable damage when they finally reach land. a、on the other hand b、as a result c、for example d、moreover
8、what is the logical order of the following paragraph? the cloning of dolly involved several steps. first, cells that had previously been taken from dolly’s mother were starved for five days, which caused them to stop dividing. this interruption of the cells’ division cycle made it easier for them to reprogram themselves to start growing a new organism. after five days, the nuclei of these cells were removed and transferred into an unfertilized sheep egg, from which the natural nucleus had previously been removed. in the next step, the egg was grown in the laboratory for a period of time. then the egg was implanted into a different sheep, where it grew normally. when the sheep finally gave birth, the lamb was an exact genetic copy, or clone, of the sheep that had provided the transferred nucleus, not of the sheep that had provided the egg. a、chronological order b、logical division of ideas c、comparison and contrast d、cause and effect
9、what is the logical order of the following paragraph? there are some differences, however. whereas you will find more pcs in business offices, you will find more macs in classrooms. although macs are the computers of choice of people who do a lot of art and graphic design in their work, pcs seem to be the choice of people who do a lot of “number crunching”. finally, there is a difference in the availability of software, vendors, and service for the two computers. in general, there is a lot of pc-compatible software, but relatively little mac software. furthermore, for a mac, you must purchase your machine and get service from macintosh-authorized dealer, whereas many different computer stores sell and service pcs. a、chronological order b、inductive method c、logical division of ideas d、comparison and contrast
10、what is the logical order of the following paragraph? figure 1 also shows that, in spite of the extensive loss of species, the number of species began to rise again and biodiversity began to return. at the start of may 2002, the number of different species in the soil had increased to nearly 15,000. a、comparison and contrast b、cause and effect c、inductive method d、deductive method
5. how to write abstracts 如何撰写摘要部分
第五单元测验
1、which is the typical rhetorical structure of the abstract of a research paper? conclusions research methods research motivation research purpose/content results a、acedb b、cdbea c、dcbae d、bcdea
2、what feature of the abstract of a research paper can we infer from the sentence? “an abstract should be written in plain english and is understandable to a wider audience, as well as to your discipline-specific audience.” a、professional & intelligible b、clear & concise c、informative & independent d、objective
3、what feature of the abstract of a research paper can we infer from the sentence? “an abstract should choose the exact words needed to convey precise meaning to the reader.” a、accurate b、organized c、clear and concise d、professional & intelligible
4、fill in the blank with the most appropriate choice. the experimental investigation __________ that the addition of these fibers reduces the thermal conductivity of the composite specimen and yield a lightweight. a、analyses b、explores c、aims d、reveals
5、fill in the blank with the most appropriate choice. the results of this study indicate that advanced composite structures used in payload fairings ___________ promising opportunities for cost reduction. a、offer b、expand c、shed d、break from
6、the following sentences a-e are taken from the abstract of a research article. the first and the last sentences are given, but the rest sentences are in a scrambled order. put them in the correct order. during the last 10 years, use of the world-wide-web for educational purposes has increased dramatically. a. however, very little empirical research has been carried out to determine the effectiveness of this use. b. results of the assessment showed significant differences between the two groups, the group that used the on-line web-site performing much better on all aspects of the test. c. the aim of this study was therefore to investigate the effectiveness of using the world-wide-web on an eap writing course. d. the two groups were assessed in the same way after a twelve-week period of instruction. e. two groups of students were taught writing by two different methods: one group was taught by a teacher in a traditional classroom, while a second group included use of an on-line web-site in their course. this suggests that the use of computer assisted learning programmes for at least some of the teaching time available can be recommended for eap writing courses. a、aecbd b、cabde c、acedb d、cebad
7、the following sentences a-f are taken from the abstract of a research article, but they are in a scrambled order. put them in the correct order. a) the participants were 30 volunteer students, 15 male and 15 female who have recently graduated from the biology department of red tree university. b) the participants were asked what influence biology education has on their attitudes regarding world peace and humanity. c) the results indicated that biology education has some positive impacts on attitudes of the students regarding humanity and world peace. d) the responses of the participants indicated that, at the end of four year biology education, they have more self- awareness and have greater capacity to love human beings and all the living creatures. e) the aim of this study was to examine whether biology education has any impacts on attitudes in terms of humanity and world peace. f) in addition, they reported they had the feeling that they could contribute to the world peace. g) biology has always been a beneficial discipline for the human beings. a、egabcfd b、geabdfc c、gebacfd d、egbadfc
8、fill in the blank with the most appropriate choice. apart from saving energy consumption for the building, the proposed materials offer a(n) __________ option to dispose waste of fruit industry. a、alternative b、selective c、various d、optional
摘要对比分析
1、compare the two abstracts in the attached document and tell which one is better written.give your reasons.
6. how to write the introduction section 如何撰写引言部分
第六单元测验
1、the following items a-d are moves (parts) of the instruction section of a research article. which of the four choices shows the typical order of introduction? a. establish the topic b. identify a problem c. introduce the present research d. review literatures a、abcd b、cabd c、adbc d、dcab
2、which of the following is not the main strategy to establish the topic in the introduction section? a、claiming centrality b、providing background c、defining the key features d、indicating a gap
3、“organic phase change materials (pcms) have the ability to remove and store heat passively, thereby making them excellent candidates for the thermal management of portable electronic devices and electric vehicle batteries.” this sentence is taken from the introduction of a research paper. which of strategies does it adopt to establish the topic? a、claiming centrality b、providing background c、defining the key features d、indicating a gap
4、“thermal energy storage technologies have received renewed emphasis because of their critical role in a sustainable energy infrastructure.” this sentence is taken from the introduction of a research paper to establish the topic. which word highlights the significance of the study? a、thermal energy storage technologies b、their critical role c、a sustainable energy infrastructure d、because of
5、put the following four sentences into the right order so that it conforms to the rhetorical structure of the opening of a research paper? a. in recent years, there has been an increased awareness of the potential impact of pollutants such as heavy metals. b. moreover, the traditional methods for treating aqueous streams containing metal contaminants are expensive and can have inadequate facilities. c. the use of biological materials is one such technology which has received considerable attention. this has led to the use of alternative technologies. a、cbad b、cabd c、bacd d、dabc
6、in what logical order is literature review normally organized? a. narrow down to highlight the work most relevant to the current study b. outline the main contextual features of the topic you are inquiring c. evaluate the limitations of previous research d. provide a brief overview the key ideas that are relevant to the topic e. summarize, compare and contrast the work of key writers in the field a、bdeac b、acdeb c、beadc d、cebda
7、fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of the word. “the present study deploys the density functional theory (dft) __________ initial steps encountered in the oxidation of crystalline pe.” a、to investigate b、investigate c、investigated d、investigation
8、fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of the word. the present work __________ the use of the last model to asymmetric, body-vortex cases, thus increasing the range of flow patterns that can be investigated. a、measures b、analyzes c、extends d、requires
9、in the introduction section of a research article, which of the following strategies can be used to identify a problem in the research field? a、indicating a gap b、raising a question c、disagreeing with the existing approach d、extending a finding
10、the following paragraph is taken from the introduction of a research paper? which strategy does the underlined sentence adopt to identify a problem? the findings of studies examining the use of various forms of computer-assisted instruction (cai) have been mixed. studies by hickey (citation 5) and honeycutt (citation 6) indicated superior results with cai while studies by ellis (citation 7), caldwell (citation 8) and belzer (citation 9) indicated little or no significant effect. although much work has been done to date, more studies need to be conducted to ascertain the effects of microcomputer-assisted instruction in teaching various subjects in a variety of learning situations. a、indicating a gap b、raising a question c、disagreeing with the existing approach d、extending a finding
7. how to write materials and methods 如何撰写材料和方法部分
第七单元测验
1、fill in the blanks with the right choice. the acquired spectrum was processed __________ the mosswinn software program. a、used b、use c、using d、has used
2、fill in the blanks with the right choice. a solution containing 1 mmol of oxalic acid and 10 ml of n, n-dimethylacetamide (dma) __________ to form a homogeneous mixture. a、adding b、added c、were added d、in addition
3、fill in the blanks with the right choice. “in consumer research, individuals are selected, ________ by telephone.” a、and interviewed b、interviewed c、interviewing d、thus interviewed
4、which of the choices best translates the following sentence? “目前的研究很少提供有关这项政策在农村地区如何实施的信息。” a、current studies provide little information on how this policy was implemented in rural areas. b、current studies provide little information on how this policy being implemented in rural areas. c、current studies provide little information on how was this policy implemented in rural areas. d、current studies provide little information on how this policy implemented in rural areas.
5、which of the following sentences is grammatically correct? a、an increase in demand is likely to cause a rise in prices. b、increases in demand usually lead price increases. c、if demand increases; as a result, prices tend to rise. d、increases in price are often resulted by increases in demand.
8. how to write the results section 如何撰写研究结果部分
第八单元测验
1、which of the following is not a principle for writing the results section of a research paper? a、results are presented in logical order. b、results are presented through truthful expression without exaggeration. c、results inconsistent with expectation should not be reported. d、the information of charts and text should complement each other.
2、fill in the blank with the right choice. ___________, home disks are the most frequent source of infection. a、as shown in table 5 b、as showing in table 5 c、showing in table 5 d、table 5 shows
3、fill in the blank with an appropriate preposition. as can be seen ________ a comparison of the two tables, household income is a more reliable predictor than level of education. a、from b、in c、on d、by
4、fill in the blank with an appropriate preposition. as described ________ the previous page, there are two common types of abstracts. a、on b、with c、by d、in
5、the following sentences a-d are taken from the result section of a research paper, but they are in a scrambled order. which of the choices below shows the correct order? a. another one-way anova indicated a significant effect of deprivation condition on perseverance time. b. a one-way analysis of variance (anova) showed no significant effect of deprivation condition on concentration. c. post-hoc tukey tests indicated that the 12-hour deprivation group (m = 17.79, sd = 7.84) spent significantly less time on the perseverance task than either the control group (m = 26.80, sd = 6.20) or the 24-hour group (m = 28.75, sd = 12.11), with no significant difference between the latter two groups. d. we predicted that participants in the 24-hour deprivation group would perform worse on the concentration test and the perseverance task than those in the 12-hour group, who in turn would perform worse than those in the control group. a、bacd b、dbac c、dcba d、cabd
6、the following sentences a-e are taken from the result section of a research paper, but they are in a scrambled order. which of the choices below shows the correct order? a. this is likely to be because more modern homes are better insulated than older homes. b. this may well be because flats often have a reduced external wall area to volume ratio whereas in detached homes this ratio is high. c. there was a general trend towards higher mean and maximum internal temperatures in the living room and bedroom as house age decreased. d. thus modern homes (i.e. built after 1990) had the warmest living rooms and bedrooms on average and pre-1919 homes the coolest. e. considering house type, flats had the warmest living rooms (and almost the warmest bedrooms) whereas detached homes had the coolest. a、daecb b、aecfd c、cdaeb d、badce
9. how to write discussion and conclusions 如何撰写讨论和结论部分
第九单元测验
1、which of the following is not the function of the discussion section of a research article? a、to state your interpretations and opinions b、to answer the research questions c、to compare the results of the present study with those of previous studies d、to explain the necessity to conduct the present research
2、in the following sentence, which expression serves as a hedge that reduces the degree of certainty? free-running homes with a higher external surface to floor area ratio tend to cool down more by conductive heat loss than homes with a lower ratio. a、tend to b、more…than c、with a higher external surface d、heat loss
3、in the following sentence, which expression serves as a hedge that reduces the degree of certainty? such interviews may add data for the assessment of the logical linkages between text derived coded constructs. (latour, 2003: 9) a、such b、may c、assessment d、logical
4、fill in the blank with the expression which indicates that the results of the current study do not agree with those of the green team. "the findings of this study __________ those of green et al. (1995), where short-term food deprivation did not affect some aspects of cognition, including attentional focus." a、are similar to b、corroborate c、replicate d、were inconsistent with
5、fill in the blank with the appropriate expression. in conclusion, the results of this study provide some fascinating ___________ into the cognitive and physiological effects of skipping meals. a、insights b、determination c、suggestion d、consideration
6、fill in the blank with the best choice. this research and other research to follow will ___________ knowledge of the disadvantages—and possible advantages—of skipping meals. a、contribute to b、apply c、accomplish d、prove
7、which of the following statements expresses the author's strongest certainty about his claim? a、prevalence of mixed depression, a combination of depression and manic or hypomanic symptoms, can be high in patients with bipolar disorders. b、prevalence of mixed depression, a combination of depression and manic or hypomanic symptoms, may be high in patients with bipolar disorders. c、prevalence of mixed depression, a combination of depression and manic or hypomanic symptoms, is high in patients with bipolar disorders. d、prevalence of mixed depression, a combination of depression and manic or hypomanic symptoms, might be high in patients with bipolar disorders.
8、which of the following statements expresses the author's weakest certainty about his claim? a、therapeutic hypothermia can result in better outcomes for patients with out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation. b、therapeutic hypothermia results in better outcomes for patients with out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation. c、therapeutic hypothermia could result in better outcomes for patients with out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation. d、therapeutic hypothermia will result in better outcomes for patients with out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation.
9、complete the following sentence by choosing the right word. "economic growth is mainly __________ foreign trade and investment as well as strong domestic demands." a、attributed to b、contribute to c、result from d、lead to
10、the following sentences shows the limitations of the study and a possible suggestion for avoiding such a limitation. fill in the blank with the best choice. first, this study was primarily limited by its small sample size. an earlier start in data collection __________ the time needed to survey more participants. a、increased b、increases c、will increase d、would have increased
10. references and academic ethnics 参考文献与学术伦理
第十单元测验
1、which of the followings is not the function of references of a research article? a、providing academic evidence b、telling the start point of your research c、revealing your academic capabilities d、revealing your research history
2、references can provide academic evidence in terms of __________. a、theoretical concepts b、standard terms c、features of a technique d、all the other three
3、published literature does not include __________. a、confidential documents b、conference documents c、graduation papers d、research papers
4、latest literature refers to the publications within ___________. a、5 years b、10 years c、20 years d、30 years
5、why authorized literature is referentially referred to in your article? a、because they are more convincing. b、because they are more expensive. c、because they are more available. d、because they are more related.
6、when you are referencing, you should follow the standards except for _________. a、being standard b、being latest c、being authorized d、being at your own will
7、how do you understand apa style? a、apa style is one citation style by american psychological association. b、apa style is one citation style by american publication association. c、apa style is one citation style by american press association. d、apa style is one citation style by american promotion association.
8、ieee style is often applied in research papers of the subjects of __________. a、arts b、engineering c、psychology d、music
9、what is noteexpress? a、it is a software for managing literature. b、it is a tool for travelling on highway. c、it is a software for drawing on computer. d、it is a software for doing calculation.
10、direct citation is to __________. a、cite the text word by word with quotation marks b、cite the text with some paraphrasing c、cite the text with your own understanding d、cite the text with no referencing
11. revision and editing of research articles 论文的修改与编辑
第十一单元测验
1、fill in the blank with the right choice. both bombs produce the same three effects: heat, blast, and radiation, ________ the most fatalities. a、the first of them usually causes b、the first of which usually causes c、and the first of which usually causes d、the first of which usually causing
2、which of the following statements is grammatically correct? a、the potential market is large. while the numbers of such developments are relatively small. b、the potential market is large, while the numbers of such developments are relatively small. c、the potential market is large, and the numbers of such developments are relatively small. d、the potential market is large, the numbers of such developments are relatively small.
3、there is a grammatical mistake in the following sentence. which choice identifies this mistake? thirty-two patients underwent ct and mri examinations were analyzed retrospectively. a、patients b、underwent c、examinations d、analyzed
4、fill in the blank with the right choice. the recognition of a and __________ are the prerequisites for the use of this method. a、determining b b、the determination of b c、to determine b d、b’s determination
5、fill in the blank with the right choice. __________, the material was rubbed with 70% ethanol for surface sterilization. a、after removing the outmost leaves b、after the outmost leaves were removed c、after removed the outmost leaves d、after the outmost leaves was removed
6、fill in the blank with the right choice. the ct images of consecutive 100 people __________ in low-dose ct screening for lung cancer were read by mip, ts and mip ts respectively. a、participated b、participating c、participate d、had participated
7、fill in the blank with the right choice. all of the lesions were round-like soft tissue masses, the average size __________ 2.6cm ×3.1cm. a、being b、was c、be d、with
8、fill in the blank with the right choice. these adc values were calculated for comparison and __________. a、analyze b、analysis c、analyzing d、analyses
9、fill in the blank with the right choice. this paper provided a cad method for __________ the printing speed and improving the printing quality. a、increasing b、promoting c、progressing d、strengthening
10、which of the following statements is appropriate? a、carbonaceous materials are the most widely used cathodes because they are non-toxic and provide good stability. b、carbonaceous materials are the most widely used cathodes because they are non-toxicity and good stability. c、carbonaceous materials are the most widely used cathodes due to their non-toxicity and high stability. d、carbonaceous materials are the most widely used cathodes due to non-toxic and highly stable.
11、fill in the blank with the right choice. half of the students ________asked to answer an experimental question. a、were b、was c、make d、had
12、fill in the blank with the right choice. nearly 19% of the candidates __________ unable to complete the test within the time limit. a、were b、was c、make d、had
12. getting your paper published 论文发表
第十二单元测验
1、以下句子出自一篇期刊论文作者在修改完稿件后写给编辑的信件，其目的是__________。 “the authors declare that none of the materials in this paper has been published or is under consideration for publication elsewhere.” a、选择本期刊的原因 b、无利益冲突声明 c、原创声明 d、介绍本研究
1、1.which of the following sections explains the question why the study was conducted? a、introduction b、materials and methods c、results d、discussion
2、which of the following parts of a research article answers the question how the study was conducted? a、introduction b、materials and methods c、results d、discussion
3、which of the following is not the typical language feature of research articles? a、accuracy b、conciseness c、objectivity d、vividness
4、compared with active voice(主动语态), whichof the following statements is not the typical feature of passive voice (被动语态)? a、more objective b、emphasizing the recipient of the action c、more concise d、more indirect
5、which of the following statements is not correct about the result section of a research article? a、the result section should follow certain logical orders. b、the result section needs to be truthfully expressed without exaggeration. c、the result section should not contain results inconsistent with expectations/hypotheses. d、the information of graphs and text in the result section should complement each other.
6、which of the followings is not the function of references of a research article? a、telling the start point of your research b、revealing your academic capabilities c、revealing your research history d、providing academic evidence
7、which of the following sentences can be used to indicate a research gap in the introduction section? a、it is generally accepted that joints in steel frame operate in a semi-rigid fashion. b、for more than 100 years, researchers have been observing the stress strain behavior. c、the potential for development, therefore, seems to be very promising. d、however, light scattering techniques have been largely unsuccessful to date.
8、which of the following sentences can be used to establish significance of the research subject in the introduction section? a、the concept of voice has become central to the study of written discourse and has been researched extensively in recent decades in the field of l2 writing. b、research on evaluative language in academic texts has tended, rather, to focus her on published research articles. c、in this study, we used computer simulation to model the aerodynamic effect of the existing safety and comfort features. d、however, the resulting cover is aerodynamically ineffective due to the shape of the umbrella.
9、the following sentence is taken from the cover letter for a submitted manuscript. what is its purpose? the authors declare that none of the materials in this paper has been published or is under consideration for publication elsewhere. a、to explain the reason for choosing the target journal. b、to give a statement of no conflict of interest. c、to give a statement of originality. d、to introduce the present study.
10、the following sentences are taken from the result section of a research article. which sentence means that the results of the study was not similar to previous results? a、these trends are in line with the previously discussed structure of the ferrihydrite aggregates. b、this is consistent with the results obtained by smith (2018). c、the sfs results obtained here are in exceptionally good agreement with existing fe results. d、this is contradictory with the finding of li and wharton (2012).
11、below is part of the abstract of a research article. which sentence identifies the problem with previous studies? (1) in widgetology, it's long been understood that you have to glomp the widgets before you can squiffle them. (2) however, there is still no known general method to determine when they’ve been sufficiently glomped. (3) this paper introduces a new glomping technique, called googa-glomping, which allows direct measurement of whifflization, a superior metric for assessing squiffle-readiness. (4) we describe a series of experiments on each of the five major types of widget, and show that in each case, googa-glomping runs faster than competing techniques, and produces glomped widgets that are perfect for squiffling. a、sentence 1 b、sentence 2 c、sentence 3 d、sentence 4
12、in the following paragraph, which sentence is irrelevant to the topic sentence? 1）adventure travel is the hot trend in the tourism industry. 2）ordinary people are no longer content to spend their two weeks away from the office resting on a sunny beach in hawaii. 3）more and more often, they are choosing to spend their vacations rafting down wild rivers, hiking through steamy rain forests, climbing the world’s highest mountains, or traversing slippery glaciers. 4）people of all ages are choosing educational study tours for their vacations. a、sentence 1 b、sentence 2 c、sentence 3 d、sentence 4
13、what is the lexical density (ratio between lexical words to grammar words) of the following sentence? the ability of writers to evaluate their material, and acknowledge alternative views, is now recognised as a key feature of successful academic writing. a、10:13 b、15: 8 c、12:11 d、17:6
14、which of the following sentences does not show a cause-and-effect relationship? a、the magma flows into the pores of the rocks; as a result, the rocks rupture. b、the cold air from the pacific ocean mixes with the warm coastal air, forming fog and clouds. c、the prices rises, thus leading to a drop in demand. d、teaching can be improved by asking teachers to attend a range of short courses.
15、which of the folllowing statements makes the strongest claim? a、the results support that there is a link between smoking and lung cancer. b、the results validate that there is a link between smoking and lung cancer. c、the results suggest that there is a link between smoking and lung cancer. d、the results indicate that there is a link between smoking and lung cancer.
16、which of the following statements appears more objective? a、we analyzed the experiment and what we found made us realize that the technique is quite complex. b、the analysis and findings of the experiment reveal that the technique is quite complex. c、our analysis and findings of the experiment show that the technique is quite complex. d、the analysis and findings of our experiment suggest that the technique is quite puzzling.
17、which of the following statements shows the writer’s least degree of certainty about his claim? (以下哪个陈述表达作者对信息的确定性最弱？) a、therapeutic hypothermia can result in better outcomes for patients with out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation. b、therapeutic hypothermia results in better outcomes for patients with out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation. c、therapeutic hypothermia could result in better outcomes for patients with out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation. d、therapeutic hypothermia will result in better outcomes for patients with out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation.
18、what is the logical order of the following paragraph? the cloning of dolly involved several steps. first, cells that had previously been taken from dolly’s mother were starved for five days, which caused them to stop dividing. this interruption of the cells’ division cycle made it easier for them to reprogram themselves to start growing a new organism. after five days, the nuclei of these cells were removed and transferred into an unfertilized sheep egg, from which the natural nucleus had previously been removed. in the next step, the egg was grown in the laboratory for a period of time. then the egg was implanted into a different sheep, where it grew normally. when the sheep finally gave birth, the lamb was an exact genetic copy, or clone, of the sheep that had provided the transferred nucleus, not of the sheep that had provided the egg. a、chronological order b、logical division of ideas c、cause and effect d、inductive method e、deductive method
19、which one of the four choices can substitute the underlined clause in the following sentence? if organisms did not reproduce, life would quickly come to an end. a、without reproduction b、without reproducing c、if not reproducing d、if not reproduced
20、which one of the four choices can substitute the underlined clause in the following sentence？ the uk climate has been warming, and especially the annual average temperature of the central england has increased by about 1 c over the last century. a、with the central england annual average temperature to increasing by about 1 c over the last century b、with the central england annual average temperature increasing by about 1 c over the last century c、the central england annual average temperature has increased by about 1 c over the last century d、which the central england annual average temperature increased by about 1 c over the last century
21、fill in the blank with the most appropriate choice. thirty-two patients ________ ct and mri examinations were analyzed retrospectively. a、undergoing b、underwent c、had undergonge d、were undergoing
22、fill in the blank with the most appropriate choice. according to a recent survey, 26% of all american adults, down from 38% thirty years ago, now smoke. this __________ can be partly attributed to the mounting evidence linking smoking and fatal diseases, such as cancer. a、decline b、improvement c、number d、investigation
23、fill in the blank with the most appropriate choice. the professor’s refusal of a deadline __________ caused student annoyance. a、extent b、extensive c、extension d、extend
24、fill in the blank with the most appropriate choice. the same article said that the causes of inflation were easy to find; ____________, the cure for inflation was not so easy to prescribe. a、however b、for example c、because d、therefore
25、fill in the blank with the most appropriate choice. however, participants in 12-hour deprivation group spent significantly less time on the perseverance task than those in both the control group and the 24-hour deprivation group, __________ short-time deprivation may affect some aspects of cognition and not others. a、suggesting b、suggested c、suggest d、to suggest
26、fill in the blank with the most appropriate choice. first, this study was primarily limited by its small sample size. an earlier start in data collection __________ the time needed to survey more participants. a、increased b、increases c、will increase d、would have increased
27、fill in the blank with the most appropriate choice. economic growth is mainly __________ foreign trade and investment as well as strong domestic demands. a、attributed to b、contributes to c、resulted from d、led to
28、fill in the blank with the most appropriate choice. in conclusion, the results of this study provide some fascinating ___________ into the cognitive and physiological effects of skipping meals. a、insights b、determinations c、suggestions d、considerations
29、fill in the blank with the most appropriate choice. both bombs produce the same three effects: heat, blast, and radiation, ________ the most fatalities. a、the first of them usually causes b、the first of which usually causes c、and the first of which usually causes d、the first of which usually causing
30、complete the following sentence by choosing the most formal word from the choices. building a nuclear power plant will not ________ the energy problem completely. a、get rid of b、reduce c、eliminate d、establish
31、the following items a-d are moves (parts) of the instruction section of a research article. which of the four choices shows the typical order of introduction? a.establish the topic b.identify a problem c.introduce present research d.review literatures a、abcd b、cabd c、adbc d、dcab
32、the following sentences a-d are taken from the beginning of the introduction section of a research article. reorganize them so that it conforms to the logical order of introduction. (from general to specific) a.in recent years, there has been an increased awareness of the potential impact of pollutants such as heavy metals. b.moreover, the traditional methods for treating aqueous streams containing metal contaminants are expensive and can have inadequate facilities. c.the use of biological materials is one such technology which has received considerable attention. d.this has led to the use of alternative technologies. a、cabd b、abdc c、bacd d、dabc
33、the following sentences a-e are taken from the abstract of a research article. the first and the last sentences are given, but the rest sentences are in a scrambled order. put them in the correct order. during the last 10 years, use of the world-wide-web for educational purposes has increased dramatically. a.however, very little empirical research has been carried out to determine the effectiveness of this use. b. results of the assessment showed significant differences between the two groups, the group that used the on-line web-site performing much better on all aspects of the test. c. the aim of this study was therefore to investigate the effectiveness of using the world-wide-web on an eap writing course. d. the two groups were assessed in the same way after a twelve-week period of instruction. e. two groups of students were taught writing by two different methods: one group was taught by a teacher in a traditional classroom, while a second group included use of an on-line web-site in their course. this suggests that the use of computer assisted learning programmes for at least some of the teaching time available can be recommended for eap writing courses. a、aecbd b、cabde c、acedb d、cebad
34、the following sentences a-f are taken from the discussion section of a research article. the first and the last sentences are given, but the rest sentences are in a scrambled order. put them in the correct order. the first sentence: the purpose of the study was to investigate whether students in higher education on an eap writing course would benefit from computer assisted instruction. a. another reason for the success of the materials may be that it allows students to spend more time on the course than is normally the case in a classroom based programme. b. it also seems to be the case that the individually directed nature of the on-line materials helps the students to focus on their own specific needs as well as allow them to access their materials in their own time. c. the findings clearly suggest that they do. d. the students who took part in the computer assisted element of the writing course outperformed those who followed the traditional course in every aspect as shown by their performance on the university of hertfordshire writing test. e. they showed particular strengths in the task achievement element of the assessment, suggesting that the computer assisted materials really help the students to understand and focus on the purpose of their writing. f. this supports and adds to the findings of jones & smith (1997) and harris (2002), who showed similar results for an on-line grammar course. the last sentence: this study has taken a step in the direction of justifying the inclusion of web-based materials in eap writing courses for post-graduates on english language preparation course. a、cdebaf b、fdcabe c、dbcbef d、edbafc
35、fill in the blank with the most appropriate word. the cold air from the pacific ocean mixes with the war coastal air, _________ fog and clouds. a、formed b、forming c、form d、and forming
36、what is the plural form of the word stimulus? a、stimulus b、stimuli c、stimuluses d、stimula
37、fill in the blank with the most appropriate word. tamoxifen, ___________ is a so-called anti-estrogen, is the most appropriate drug for this patient. a、which b、that c、what d、it
38、fill in the blank with the most appropriate word. different _________ have been put forward to explain why these foods are more likely to cause problems. a、hypotheses b、hypothesis c、hypothesises d、hypothesium
39、fill in the blank with the best choice. when first ___to the market , these products enjoyed great success . a、introducing b、introduced c、introduce d、being introduced
40、fill in the blank with the best choice. as can be seen __________ a comparison of the two tables, household income is a more reliable predictor than level of education. a、from b、by c、in d、with
41、fill in the blank with the best choice. the results of the experiments are shown __________. a、as following b、as follows c、in following d、as followed
42、fill in the blank with the best choice. a correlation between the increase in agricultural fertility and the shift away from traditional crops has been ____________. a、identified b、resulted c、founded d、examed
43、which of the following sentences is grammatically correct? a、the airplane flyover is an exciting part of an aggie football game, but watch the band is the best. b、the airplane flyover is an exciting part of an aggie football game, watching the band is the best. c、the airplane flyover is an exciting part of an aggie football game; however, watching the band is the best. d、the flyover is an exciting part of an aggie football game, watching the band is the best.
44、which of the following sentences has the correct verb tense? a、the method we use is interview and survey. we found that most people voted for the candidate whose name is familiar, regardless of the candidate’s political leanings. b、the method we use is interview and survey. our findings indicated that people vote for the candidate whose name is familiar, regardless of the candidate's political leanings. c、the method we used was interview and survey. we found that most people voted for the candidate whose name was familiar, regardless of the candidate's political leanings. d、the method we use was interview and survey. we found that most people vote for the candidate whose name was familiar, regardless of the candidate's political leanings.
45、which of the following sentences is a correct translation of the following sentence? 亚历山大·汉密尔顿通过建立国家银行和帮助制定宪法，影响了美国的塑造。 a、alexander hamilton influenced the creation of the united states through his establishment of the national bank, and his help in developing the constitution. b、alexander hamilton influenced the creation of the united states through his establishment of the national bank, and helped in developing the constitution. c、alexander hamilton impacted the creation of the united states because he established the national bank, and his help in the development of the constitution. d、alexander hamilton impacted the creation of the united states by establishing the national bank, and helped to develop the constitution.
46、in the following paragraph, which sentence is the topic sentence? 1)in the past three decades, china has developed its economy, technology and international trade. 2) economic development has now pushed china to become the second largest economy in the world. 3) technological development means china is a world leader in scientific discovery and production. 4) the development of international trade has connected china to the entire world. 5) these advances have significantly increased china’s gdp and the quality of life for everyday chinese citizens. a、sentence 1 b、sentence 2 c、sentence 3 d、sentence 4
47、fill in the blank with the right form of the given word. we note differences in the prey consumed by adult and juvenile frogs and _________ (comparison) the relative activity level of the prey types to determine if adult and young frogs specialize on active or inactive prey.
48、complete the following definitions by inserting an appropriate preposition (介词）. a thermometer is an instrument _____________ which the temperature can be measured.
49、fill in the blank with the right word. heat is a form of energy __________ can be transmitted through solid and liquid media by conduction.
50、fill in the blank with the given word. labor union is organization of workers __________ (form) to improve their economic status and working conditions.
51、nowadays, laptop computers are lighter, more powerful, and easier to use than they were five years ago. these __________ (improve) have led to an increase in the sales of these machines.
52、fill in the blank with the right form of the given word. rockets have found__________ (apply ) for the exploration of the universe.
53、fill in the blank with the right form of the given word. the __________ (bacterium) move themselves in the liquid medium with microflagella.
54、fill in the blank with the right form of the given word. participating in this urban __________ (migrate) is a way for individuals to generate income through non-traditional means.
55、fill in the blank with the right form of the given word. the __________ (produce) of a mathematical formula by mathematics and physics experts explains the modern phenomena of network science.
56、fill in the blank with the right form of the given word. the world-wide __________ (expand) of english makes it one of the most widely spoken language in the world.
57、fill in the blank with the right form of the given word. the ________ (rotate) of the earth on its own axis causes the change from day to night.
58、fill in the blank with the right form of the given word. the addition or ________ (remove) of heat may change the state of matter.
59、fill in the blank with the right form of the given word. the ________(effective) of electronic computer lies in its great speed and accuracy in calculation.
60、fill in the blank with the right form of the given word. ________ (fail) to obtain experimental verification of predictions may not overthrow a theory, but causes its modification and often enriches it.