in multi-cultural communication, physical differences sometimes might result in stereotyping, prejudice or even discrimination.
noise is inevitable in human communication but we can eliminate it completely.
culture is innate as soon as a person is born.
effective communication should be interactive and transactional.
westerners emphasize the instrumental function of communication. therefore, westerners are generally more courteous and indirect in their mode of communication.
the process of communication has 10 components: sender, encoding, message,channel, receiver, decoding, response, feedback, noise and context.
in modern countries, our experience of culture has been profoundly affected by the development of mass media.
culture is compared as the “ hardware of our mind”, regulating and governing people’s behaviors.
four elements affect the quality of intercultural communication. they are conception ，verbal process, nonverbal process and contextual elements.
nervousness about a public speech is psychological noise in a communication process.
6.values are only tranitted by family members and usually passed down from generation to generation.
7. the belief that human nature is basically evil can be traced back to the teachings of christianity.
8. the orientation of man's mastery over nature is characteristic of the western approach.
9. the united states and mexico are typical future-oriented societies.
10. in social relationships that stress group values, people usually seek suggestions from their friends, family members and colleagues.
1. muslims do not eat pork, which is an example of ______values.
2. in china, as in other asian societies, humans are believed to be born good but ______.
3. people who believe that man is ______nature worship the natural world as god and tend to accept their fate.
4. in past-oriented societies, people usually attach great importance to ______and ______.
5. the being-in-becoming cultures stress the idea of ______and ______ of self.
if we all speak the same language, we can communicate happily with each other.
language and culture are closely related.
every word has a cultural connotation.
our social norms are determined and will never change.
people in some arabic countries use a lot of adjectives in their communications.
americans often communicate in a matter-of-fact way.
ranks in the armed forces like captain, colonel can be used as titles.
chinese hospitality toward the westerners is always greatly appreciated.
red is considered a festival color all over the world.
addressing forms like “miss mary”, “brown” by the chinese may be a form of cultural compromise.
nonverbal communication plays just a minor role in a typical communication process.
illustrators can be used independently of verbal messages.
monochronic time cultures attach more importance to schedules than to relationships.
future-oriented cultures tend to show a great deal of respect for elders.
even after you have put a marker for a piece of public territory, it is still subject to disagreement or invasion.
gestures have universal meaning because different cultures use them in the same way.
present-oriented people put their life in the hands of unseen forces such as fate or luck.
proxemics refers to how people use, structure, interpret and understand time.
americans are more polychronic than chinese.
arabs, with their strong religious influence, maintain greater personal distance than americans.
part i: choose from the following groups of words the one you hear. each of the words will be read once only.
choose from the following groups of words the one you hear. each of the words will be read once only.
choose from the following groups of words the one you hear. each of the words will be read once only.
choose from the following groups of words the one you hear. each of the words will be read once only.
choose from the following groups of words the one you hear. each of the words will be read once only.
choose from the following groups of words the one you hear. each of the words will be read once only.
choose from the following groups of words the one you hear. each of the words will be read once only.
choose from the following groups of words the one you hear. each of the words will be read once only.
choose from the following groups of words the one you hear. each of the words will be read once only.
choose from the following groups of words the one you hear. each of the words will be read once only.
part ii: the following pairs of sentences are exactly the same except for one word. you will hear either sentence (a) or (b). choose the one you hear.
the following pairs of sentences are exactly the same except for one word. you will hear either sentence (a) or (b). choose the one you hear.
the following pairs of sentences are exactly the same except for one word. you will hear either sentence (a) or (b). choose the one you hear.
the following pairs of sentences are exactly the same except for one word. you will hear either sentence (a) or (b). choose the one you hear.
the following pairs of sentences are exactly the same except for one word. you will hear either sentence (a) or (b). choose the one you hear.
the following pairs of sentences are exactly the same except for one word. you will hear either sentence (a) or (b). choose the one you hear.
the following pairs of sentences are exactly the same except for one word. you will hear either sentence (a) or (b). choose the one you hear.
the following pairs of sentences are exactly the same except for one word. you will hear either sentence (a) or (b). choose the one you hear.
the following pairs of sentences are exactly the same except for one word. you will hear either sentence (a) or (b). choose the one you hear.
the following pairs of sentences are exactly the same except for one word. you will hear either sentence (a) or (b). choose the one you hear.
part iii： the following pairs of sentences are exactly the same, except a different word is stressed (stronger) in each sentence. choose the sentences you hear in each group.
the following pairs of sentences are exactly the same, except a different word is stressed (stronger) in each sentence. choose the sentences you hear in each group.
the following pairs of sentences are exactly the same, except a different word is stressed (stronger) in each sentence. choose the sentences you hear in each group.
the following pairs of sentences are exactly the same, except a different word is stressed (stronger) in each sentence. choose the sentences you hear in each group.
the following pairs of sentences are exactly the same, except a different word is stressed (stronger) in each sentence. choose the sentences you hear in each group.
part iv: listening comprehension: in this section, you are going to listen to hear 10 sentences. please listen carefully and decide which of the sentences in the three choices is closest in meaning to the one you hear.
in this section, you are going to listen to hear 10 sentences. please listen carefully and decide which of the sentences in the three choices is closest in meaning to the one you hear.
in this section, you are going to listen to hear 10 sentences. please listen carefully and decide which of the sentences in the three choices is closest in meaning to the one you hear.
in this section, you are going to listen to hear 10 sentences. please listen carefully and decide which of the sentences in the three choices is closest in meaning to the one you hear.
in this section, you are going to listen to hear 10 sentences. please listen carefully and decide which of the sentences in the three choices is closest in meaning to the one you hear.
in this section, you are going to listen to hear 10 sentences. please listen carefully and decide which of the sentences in the three choices is closest in meaning to the one you hear.
in this section, you are going to listen to hear 10 sentences. please listen carefully and decide which of the sentences in the three choices is closest in meaning to the one you hear.
in this section, you are going to listen to hear 10 sentences. please listen carefully and decide which of the sentences in the three choices is closest in meaning to the one you hear.
in this section, you are going to listen to hear 10 sentences. please listen carefully and decide which of the sentences in the three choices is closest in meaning to the one you hear.
in this section, you are going to listen to hear 10 sentences. please listen carefully and decide which of the sentences in the three choices is closest in meaning to the one you hear.
corporate culture corporate culture is described as the (1) _____________ of an organization, and guides how employees think, act, and feel.
it includes core values and beliefs, corporate ethics, and rules of behavior. it can be expressed in the company’s mission (2) _____________ and other communications,
in the architectural style or interior (3) _____________ of offices, and in the titles given to various employees. corporate culture affects you in many ways.
for instance: l the (4) __________ __________ per day, per week.
the (5) __________ __________, including employee interaction, competition degree, etc.
the (6) __________ __________, including the accepted styles of attire, etc.
the (7) __________ __________ you get, including cubicles, window offices, etc.
the (8) __________ __________ development.
onsite perks, such as break room, play room, etc. l the (9) __________ __________ outside the office.
(10) _____________ with other employers.
part ii. passage (shadowing and gist) directions: listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. what does the speaker really describe in the speech?
irections: listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. how do specialists comment on this study method?
directions: listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. how effectively can the average person learn during sleep as in the same period during the day?
directions: listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. what does sleep-teaching do?
directions: listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. what did the student have to do for another three hours before having breakfast?
part iii. news (shadowing and gist) a. directions: listen to the news item and complete the following summary. this news item is about .
directions: listen to the news item and choose the best answer to complete the following sentences. opposition parties are demanding after a violent protest over voting problems tuesday.
there were at least killed and injured during the voting.
people at more than 100 voting places .
show the ruling general people’s congress party in the lead.
part i (note-taking) directions: listen to a talk about light and health. take notes and complete the following summary. can light affect your health? many researchers believe that light can affect both your physical and your （1） .
from daylight, our bodies absorb vitamin d through the skin. certain skin diseases also （2） from exposure to sunlight.
light absorbed through the eye can stimulate hormone production, which in turn （3） our mood.
some people become （4） in winter, when the days are dark and most people spend less time in the open air.
when spring comes, these （5） disappear. researchers have called this condition sad -- seasonal affective depression.
the condition can be （6） by exposing patients to special lights, known as full-spectrum lights.
this lighting has also been used to treat patients （7） from jet-lag, to improve learning in school-children in russia and america,
and the （8） of japanese factory workers
young people need at least fifteen minutes a day in real daylight in summer （9） in winter.
old people, who risk vitamin d deficiency, should spend even longer exposed to （10） daylight.
peak performances - moments when children (1) that's in them -
are the stuff of every parent's (2) .
and yet most of us have seen a report card or heard a trumpet solo that (3)
what our kids can (4) .
why can some boys and girls repeatedly pull themselves to the (5)
while others of equal or (6) cannot?
many parents assume skill is pretty much determined by (7)
the student with the highest i.q. will get the best grades, or the athlete with the most prowess will (8) .
genes (9) in determining performance, but they're not everything.
the edge comes from mental attitude, character and (10) .
there are some simple ways for parents to help their youngsters develop those (11)
find something to praise. a child who feels good about himself (12)
assess your child's (13)
encourage self-applause. knowing how to relax is key to (14) .
a good report card (15) near your daughter's mirror reminds
her that she can do well and (16) to repeat her success.
there are no (17) to bringing your child to do his best.
it's a (18) of support, encouragement and hard work.
and those efforts (19) not only in peak performance
not only in peak performance but also in (20) between parent and child.
news item from voa, bbc and cri part i directions: listen to the news item and complete the following passage. creating a classroom environment that treats women and men equally is important for the educational success of students. however ____1______ equality does not stop with the teacher.
it is also important that the ____2______ used are supporting _____3_____ treatment.
in fact, many classroom materials, especially those that are older, may contain gender bias in _____4_____, photos, or words.
these materials can include textbooks, _____5_____, reading materials, written assignments, or even test materials.
having students use materials like these in class can reinforce _____6_____ about gender roles in society.
classroom materials that reinforce gender stereotypes can ____7______ students,
weaken their motivation and limit their overall _____8_____ performance.
this can result in fewer opportunities available to students when they finish their schooling. research has found that stereotypes and gender bias in english language materials do _____9_____.
several studies by the united nations educational, scientific, and cultural organization, or unesco, have found that some texts ____10______ women, contain stereotypes about women or offensive comments about women.
in addition, research has found that _____11_____ in teaching materials
often show a male _____12_____.
one study on high school english language textbooks in iran found that male characterizations were used as much as _____13_____ of the time.
one study on high school english language textbooks in iran found that male characterizations were used as much as _____13_____ % of the time.（请填写数字）
the first step is to understand how to identify gender bias in textbooks. examine the image below. these images were taken from an english language textbook. what do you notice about how the men and women are being _____14_____?
in this image there are six people, four men and two women, shown in different jobs. the men pictured include a construction worker, a doctor, a police officer, and a truck driver. the women shown include a farm worker and a food store employee. this image shows men and women in _____15____ jobs in two ways.
first, male representation is double that of female. second, the men generally are working in higher-level, more economically powerful jobs. now look at a short reading activity from an actual english language textbook. what do you notice about the ________ of men and women in the example?
part ii directions: listen to the news item and complete the following passage. a new report says about ___1__ people
a day have been forced to __2__ their homes in african conflict
and __3__ zones.
figures show that more than __4__ people in africa are internally displaced. （请填文字）
nearly __5___left their homes last year.（请填文字）
part iii directions: listen to the news item and complete the following passage. britain's most prestigious ___1___art award,
the turner prize have been won by an art professor who was born in zanzibar, lubaina himid. judges __2___ her work
which explored the african diaspora and black ___3__.
professor himid is the first black woman and the oldest person to win the__4__.
part i listening to a song directions: listen and fill in the blanks with the missing information. although (1) __________ has always been a friend of mine.
i'm leaving my life in your (2) __________.
people say i'm (3) __________
and that i am (4) __________.
risking it (5) __________ in a glance.
how you got me blind is still a (6) __________.
i can't get you out of my (7) __________
don't care what is written in your (8) __________.
as long as you're (9) __________ with me. i don't care who you are. where you're from. what you did.
why did mr. power ask mr. hanson to call later?
why should the report be photocopied in the morning?
why was mr. power especially displeased about miss davis’s call to her boyfriend?
what do you think of miss wright?
what can you learn from the dialogue?
（dialogue 2:6-10）why has laura come to the office?
who is miss davis?
when do people in the finance section start work?
what do you know about linda?
why does linda feel a little nervous today?
(dialogue 3:１１－１５) why did the woman come to complain to the manager?
what excuse did the manager make for the problems?
what did the manager promise to do?
what do you know abut the hotel?
what does the dialogue mainly tell us?
part ii passages directions: you're going to hear three short passages. each will be read twice. at the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. choose the best answer to each question. (2 points for each) passage 1 which of the following is true according to the passage?
which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
passage 2 （１８－２０）why did the artly dressed man come to the jewelry shop one day?
which of the following was of no importance to the man?
what did the old lady take to the jewelry shop?
how much did the shop lose in the deal?
passage 3 （２２－２５） which of the following is not necessary for a young man who wants to drive alone?
what must a person do in the driving test?
which of the following is mentioned in the passage?